3i8 



COLOUR IN NATURE 



entomologist to judge, the following is an impartial 

 statement of the case : — The genus Papilio in India 

 and the Malay shows a marked tendency to develop 

 varieties (species) of definitely limited geographical 

 distribution, so that, for example, a variety (species) 

 occurring in India is replaced by a closely related 

 variety (species) in the Malay. Further, in many 

 cases there occurs a marked polymorphism in the 

 females, which expresses itself in the fact that they may 

 resemble the males or may display large spatulate 

 appendices to their hind wings which are entirely absent 

 from the males, as well as other peculiar characters. 

 This, however, occurs as a specific character in both 

 males and females of other series of Papiliones, the 

 result being that some of the females of one series 

 may resemble (mimic) both sexes of other series. 

 The following table will perhaps make this plain, the 

 brackets indicate that the forms are "geographical 

 species " (replacing species), the habitat being indi- 

 cated at the left :— 



Java 



India and 

 Sumatra 



Series A. 

 P. Memnon. 

 Polymorphic. 



One female " mimics ' 



P. Androgeos. „ , ,,,••„ 

 ■n 1 1. One female "mimics 



Folymorphic. 



India 



Malay 



Series C. 



P. Theseus. 

 Polymorphic, 



Series B. 



^P. Coon. 

 (Sexes similar). 



P. Dmibledayi. 

 (Sexes similar). 



Series D. 



One female ' 



,, . . ,-,{ P. Hector. 

 "mimics" ,„ . ., . 



I (bexes similar). 



P. Pamvion. One female "mimics"! i P. Diphilus. 

 Polymorphic. Another,, ,, \\p. Antiphus. 



V (Sexes similar). 



Mr. Wallace explained the case as a typical one of 



