320 COLOUR IN NATURE chap. 



dayi the same contrast of colour is observed — yellow 

 in the Javan P. Coon, and red in the Indian P. 

 Doubledayi. Wallace regards this as a proof of 

 mimicry, the mimicking forms varying as the 

 mimicked forms vary ; Piepers regards it as a 

 response to similar geographical conditions, and 

 denies specific value to the forms Coon and Double- 

 dayi, as also to Memnon and Androgeos. The case 

 shows considerable resemblance to the one which he 

 next considers, and which may be briefly noticed. 

 Among the Satyridse there are two closely related 

 species, Paraga Egeria and P. Megcera, both common 

 in Western Europe, of which the former frequents 

 shady woods and the latter exposed places, especially 

 the neighbourhood of walls heated by the sun. The 

 colour of the first is a dull brown, with dull yellow 

 spots, of the second a bright reddish-orange. When 

 traced southwards, however, the tint of P. Egeria 

 deepens and approaches more closely to that of P- 

 Megcera. In Java there are two species of Junonia, 

 J. Erigone, and J. Asterim, belonging to the Nymph- 

 alid^ and certainly not closely related to the above, 

 which have respectively similar habits and colora- 

 tion. Here, then, is one of those cases of duplex 

 " mimicry," so dear to the hearts of many, spoilt 

 only by the trifling circumstance that the two sets 

 are separated by the distance of nearly half the 

 globe ! 



This paper has been quoted at such length, not 

 because it is the only detailed criticism of mimicry 

 extant, but because of the care with which it is done, 

 and the apparent strength of its criticisms. Very 

 few of the instances of mimicry have been subjected 



