21 



*39c. Circus approximans drummondi Math. & New Zealand. 

 Iredale, Ibis, 1913, p. 419. [New Zealand.] 

 New Zealand Harrier. 



Said to be smaller and darker than C. a. 

 gouldi ; wing cJ 398 mm. 



b. Thighs rufous, the feathers margined with 

 white. 



40. Circus ranivorus (Daud.), Traite, ii., p. 

 170 (1800). [Ex Levaillant, S. Africa.-] 

 S. African Marsh Harrier. 



Wing S 382, ? 394 mm. ; .throat and chest 

 brown, the feathers margined with white ; 

 abdomen rufous ; upper tail-coverts orange 

 rufous, tipped with white. 



S. Africa, 

 North to Trans- 

 vaal and 

 Nyasaland. 



1*41. Circus esruginosus aruginosus (Lmn.),S.'N., 

 i., p. 91 (1758). [Europe : type loc. Swe- 

 den, apud Hartert.] 

 Marsh Harrier. 



Wing c? 385-418, ? 392-435 mm. ; throat 

 and chest creamy buff, the latter streaked 

 with brown ; upper tail-coverts white. 



Europe ; Siberia 

 (rare) ; in winter 

 to India, China, 

 Japan, 



Philippine Is., 

 Africa. 



t41a. Circus ceruginosus harterti, Zedl., J.f.O., 

 1914, p. 133. [N. Algeria and Marocco.] 

 Hartert 's Harrier. 



Wing cJ (Andalusia) 380-390 mm. ; ^ much 

 brighter coloration, more black and white ; 

 head whiter ; secondaries and tail hght 

 bluish grey ; (? lighter). 



C. Above black or blackish. 



N. Africa ; 

 S. Spain. 



a. Thighs white. 



