109 



*tl84c. Aquila chrysaetos canadensis (Linn.) S.N. 

 i., p. 88 (1798). [Canada.] 

 American Golden Eagle. 



Adult rather larger and considerably 

 blacker than typical race ; wing ? 660-685 

 mm. ; ^ 615-630 mm. ; immature birds 

 darker than typical form, nearly black all 

 over, except basal two-thirds of tail which 

 are white ; nape pale buff. 



*tl85. Aquila heliaca Savigny, Descr. Egypte, Ois., 

 p. 82, pi. 12 (1809). [Upper Egypt.] 

 Imperial Eagle. 



Smaller ; wing <? 575-600, ? 610-640 mm. ; 

 feet and claws much weaker ; head and 

 neck above isabelline whitish, with darker 

 centres ; nape tinged with rufous ; general 

 plumage blackish-brown ; some of the 

 scapulars pure white ; tail dark grey 

 mottled with brown and with broad ter- 

 minal blackish band. Immature brownish- 

 yellow, striped with dark brown ; tail 

 uniform brown. 



N. America, 

 Arctic Regions 

 S. to California, 

 Central Mexico, 

 and to 



Alleghenies in 

 N. Carolina. 



S.E. Europe 

 (Hungary to 

 S. Russia), and 

 C. Asia to 

 Mongolia ; 

 S. in winter to 

 India and 

 China. 



186. Aquila adalberti Brehm, Ber Vers, deutsch. 

 Orn. Ges. 1860, p. 60 (1861). [Spain.] 

 White-shouldered Eagle. 



Size similar ; wing $ 620 mm. ; forehead 

 and crown blackish brown ; whole edge of 

 wing and some of the scapulars white, 

 forming a conspicuous shoulder patch ; im- 

 mature fawn colour, unstriped, tail uniform. 



f 187. Aquila nipalensis nipalensis (Hodgs.), Asiat. 

 Res. xviii., pt. 2, pi. 1, p. 13 (1833). 

 [Nepal.] 

 Eastern Steppe Eagle. 



Rather smaller ; wing <S 560-600, ? 590-620 

 mm. ; plumage brown, paler below ; head 

 brown, nape patch fulvous ; quills, larger 



S. Spain ; 

 N.W. Afiica 

 (Marocco). 



Central Asia, 

 MongoUa, 

 S.E. Siberia, 

 N.W. India ; 

 Muscat ; 

 in winter to 

 China, India 

 and N.E. Africa. 



