SALFORD HUNDRED 



MANCHESTER 



permanent grass, 9,460 ; woods and plantations, 

 56."' 



In addition to the older charities mentioned many 

 have since been founded, providing for most of the ills 

 of humanity."' A number of scientific and literary 

 societies, beginning with the Literary and Philoso- 

 phical Society in 178 1, have also been established."' 

 There are many musical societies and a vast number 

 of religious organizations. 



While the development of Greater Manchester in 

 these respects w^s proceeding steadily the religious and 

 political progress of the people was comparatively 

 peaceful. The Methodist Revival soon affected Man- 

 chester, and John Wesley paid the town many visits 

 between 1747 and 1790 ; but perhaps the most 

 singular religious movement was Swedenborgianism. 

 The American Shakers owe their foundation to Ann 

 Lee, a Manchester woman born in Todd Lane in 



1736. She joined herself to an obscure sect, believed 

 to be the ' prophets,' mentioned as having meetings in 

 171 2, and being accepted as 'Ann the Word' emi- 

 grated to America, where she died in 1784."* Many 

 churches and chapels for different denominations were 

 built, but some have disappeared, the congregations 

 having migrated or become extinct. The Manchester 

 Socinian Controversy of 1825 was brought about by 

 speeches made at the departure of one of the ministers 

 of Cross Street Chapel for Liverpool. The ' Ortho- 

 dox ' Nonconformists resented the assumption that the 

 Unitarians represented the Presbyterians and Indepen- 

 dents ejected from their cures in 1662."' 



After the retreat of the Pretender the internal 

 conflicts were those resulting from scarcity of food and 

 work — one of which, in 1757, was known as the Shude 

 Hill fight — and the later ones due to party politics."' 

 A body of volunteers, known as the 72nd or Man- 



181 The details are given thus : — 



<8 



< o ^ 



ac, ac. ac. 



Blackley 167 1,040 — 



Broughton .... 126 185 — 



Bumage 401 351 — 



Cheetham .... — 85 — 



Clayton .... — 167 — 



Crumpsall .... 43 258 — 

 Denton and Haughton 291 1,477 4° 



Didsbury 311 548 5 



Droylsden .... 3 692 — 



Fails-worth .... — 512 — 



Gorton 39 354 — 



Levenshulme . . 2 253 — 



Manchester (part) . . 462 452 — 



Moston no 702 — 



Newton 19 172 — 



Openshaw .... — 6 — 



Rusholme .... 10 420 — 

 Stockport (part) . . 262 658 3 

 Stretford and Chorl- 



ton-with-Hardy . .1,663 771 — 

 Withington .... 926 357 8 

 "2 The following is a list of the exist- 

 ing medical and philanthropic charities of 

 the Manchester district, in addition to the 

 endowed charities to be recorded later : 

 Ancoats Hospital and Ardwick and 



Ancoats Dispensary, 1841. 

 Ancoats Dispensary for Women and 



Children. 

 Chorlton-upon-Medlock, Rusholme and 



Moss Side Dispensary, 1831. 

 Christie Hospital (Cancer Pavilion), 



Oxford Street. 

 Ear Hospital, Byrom Street. 

 Homoeopathic Institution. 

 Consumption Hospital, near Deansgate 

 with houses at Bowdon and Dela- 

 mere, 1875. 

 Hospital for Skin Diseases, Quay 



Street, 1835. 

 Hulme Dispensary, 1831. 

 Lock Hospital, Duke Street, 1819. 

 Children's Dispensary, Gartside Street. 

 Jewish Hospital, Cheetham. 

 Medical Mission Dispensary, Red Bank. 

 Northern Hospital for Women and 



Children at Cheetham. 

 Royal Eye Hospital, founded in 1 8 1 5, 

 in King Street ; removed to Faulk- 

 ner Street, 1822; to St. John's 

 Street, 1874; and to Oxford Road, 

 1886. 

 Royal Infirmary, 1752. 

 St. Mary's Hospital, founded in Salford, 

 1790. 



Salford Royal Hospital and Dispensary, 

 1827. 



Victoria Dental Hospital, Chorlton- 

 upon-Medlock. 



Deaf and Dumb Institute, Chorlton- 

 upon-Medlock ; first opened in 1825 

 in Salford. 



Homes for Children, Cheetham Hill. 



All-night Shelter for Children, Picca- 

 dilly. 



Workshops for the Blind, Deansgate. 



Home for Aged Jews, Cheetham. 



Home for Fallen Women, Broughton. 



St. Mary's Home for Fallen Women, 

 Rusholme. 



Penitentiary, 1822 i new building at 

 Greenheys, 1837. 



Mrs. MacAlpine's Homes for Women, 

 Greenheys. 



Day Nursery, Salford. 



Whalley Range Orphanage. 



District Provident Society. 



Boys' and Girls' Refuge. 



Catholic Protection and Rescue So- 

 ciety. 



Discharged Prisoners' Aid Society, 



Blind Aid Society. 



Night Asylum. 



Distressed Foreigners' Society. 



Home for Lost Dogs, Harpurhey. 



Shelter for Lost Cats, Cheetham. 



188 Agricultural Society, 1767. 



Literary and Philosophical Society, 

 1781. 



Philological Society, 1803, and Biblio- 

 graphical Society, flourished but a 

 short time. 



Natural History Society, 1821-68 ; the 

 museum, founded in 1835, was given 

 to Owens College. 



Royal Manchester Institution, 1823. 



Botanical and Horticultural Society, 

 1824 and 1827, with gardens at Old 

 Trafford. 



Mechanics' Institute, 1825; New 

 Mechanics' Institute, 1829. 



Lancashire Antiquarian Society, 1829, 

 a failure. 



Banksian Society of Botanists, chiefly 

 artisans, 1829-36. 



Architectural Society, 1837, now de- 

 funct. It has been replaced by an 

 influential Society of Architects. 



School of Design, afterwards School of 

 Art, 1838 ; now controlled by the 

 Corporation. 



Geological Society, 1839; one of its 

 founders was Edward William Binney, 

 a distinguished geologist, who died in 

 1881. 

 Chetham Society, 1843 ; the Old Series 

 of its publications numbered 114 



volumes ; the New Series (1883 

 onwards) has reached over 60. 

 Manchester Numismatic Society, 1864— 



73. It issued Transactions. 

 Lancashire and Cheshire Antiquarian 

 Society, 1883 ; a volume of Transac- 

 tions is issued yearly. 

 Statistical Society, 1834; a volume 13 



issued yearly. 

 Conchological Society, 

 Academy of Fine Arts. 

 Astronomical Society. 

 Entomological Society. 

 Field Naturalists' Society. 

 Geographical Society, It publishes a 



Journal. 

 Literary Club, 1862. It issues the 



Manchester Quarterly, 

 Microscopical Society. 

 Philatelic Society. 



^^^ See W. Axon, Lanes, Glean, 79 ; 

 also Manch. Constables* Accts, (1772), lii, 

 227, 229, 256. 



i8o TJie speeches and letters were re- 

 printed in a small volume, which is valu- 

 able as giving the history of many of the 

 old Nonconformist chapels in Lancashire, 

 all or most of which were at the time in 

 the hands of Unitarians. 



"6 The Shude Hill fight was a food 

 riot ; a corn mill at Clayton was destroyed. 

 Four of the rioters were killed. See the 

 account in JUanch. Constables* Accts, ill, 

 359-61. 



Axon, Manch, Annals^ records the 

 following later riots : 



1762, Riots due to the high price of 

 corn in July ; see Manch, Constables* 

 Accts, iii, 370-2. 

 1779-80, Serious riots due to the intro- 

 duction of spinning machinery. 

 1780, Riot owing to the indignation 



aroused by some military floggings. 

 1793, EfBgy of Tom Paine burnt by 



the populace. 

 1795, Food riot in July. 



1797, Food riots in November. 



1798, Food riots in December. 



1807, Riot between the Orangemen and 

 the Irish, 13 July. 



1808, Riot owing to a wages dispute in 

 May ; one weaver killed. 



1812, Food riots in April. 



1818, Attack on a factory ; one man 

 killed. 



1 81 9, Riot in the theatre over politics, 

 1824, Labour riots in April, 



1826, Riots In May, due to commercial 



distress. 

 1829, Similar riots in May; several 



factories destroyed 

 1 842, Strikers* riot. 



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