SALFORD HUNDRED 



MANCHESTER 



the hands of the corporation, which also provides 

 hydraulic power. The great scheme by which water 

 is brought from Thirlmere, 96 miles distant, was 

 Itarted in l8go ; the first instalment of 10,000,000 

 gallons daily was opened in 1 894 ; the second in 

 1 904, and three more, each of the same quantity, may 

 be added as needed.'^ 



A commission of the peace and separate quarter 

 sessions were granted in 1839. The police force and 

 fire brigade, as in other cities, are in charge of the 

 corporation. 



The Lord Mayor's charities have an income of 

 over £3,500 and from those under the control of 

 the council another ;^300 is distributed annually. 



Street improvements, begun a century before the 

 charter, have made continual progress. The sewer- 

 age of the district has been attended to, and for 

 sewage disposal there are works on the Irlam and 

 Chat Moss estates producing 4,000 tons of concen- 

 trated manure annually. The water-carried sewage 

 is dealt with in bacterial beds at Davyhulme. Baths 

 and washhouses have been provided, and the Monsall 

 Fever Hospital in Newton. Two cemeteries, at 

 Chorlton with Hardy and adjoining Philips Park, 

 Newton, are managed by the corporation. 



An elaborate and far-extending electric tramway 

 system has been established. °' The ship canal has 



received the support of the council from the beginning, 

 and is now subsidized and partly controlled by it. 



Numerous parks and recreation grounds have been 

 opened, Heaton Park, 660 acres, purchased in 1902, 

 being a magnificent addition to them. 



Libraries,'" museums," art gallery,'™ schools of art 

 and technology '"^ have been liberally provided ; the 

 education committee has secondary schools as well as 

 elementary ones under its charge ; and Victoria Uni- 

 versity has been actively encouraged. A school board 

 was established in 1870. The local acts and bye- 

 laws to 1898 have been printed ; they fill six volumes. 



JLPORT, an ancient park of the lords of Man- 

 chester,'"' was in 1430-6 given by Sir Reginald West, 

 Lord La Warre, to John Huntington, warden of the 

 collegiate church,'"' and by the latter's trustees was 

 after a long interval assigned to the support of a 

 chantry priest."" On the confiscation of the college 

 and chantry estates the Crown granted the land to 

 Edward, Earl of Derby,'"* and it was sold in 1599 to 

 the Mosleys.'"^ 



JNCOJTS was considered a hamlet in 1320.'"" 

 Robert Grelley about 1200 granted two oxgangs of 

 his demesne to Ralph de Ancoats, to be held by a 

 rent of 6s. ^d. yearly.'"' Afterwards it was divided ; 

 one half was held by the Byrons of Clayton,'"' and 

 was sold to Oswald Mosley at the beginning of the 



^^ The area now supplied by the cor- 

 poration includes the old parishes of Man- 

 chester (except one or two townships), 

 Eccles, Flixton, and part of Prestwich. 

 Thirlmere water may also be supplied to 

 Wigan, Chorley, Preston, and Lancaster. 



97 The first tramways were opened 

 in 1877. 



^ The first free library was opened in 

 i85z in a building previously known as 

 the Hall of Science, Campiield, erected 

 in 1839. The reference department was 

 transferred to the old town hall in King 

 Street in 1878. There are in Manches- 

 ter branch libraries in Deansgate, opened 

 1882; Ancoats, 1857; and Livesey 

 Street, i860; also a reading-room at 

 <Jueen's Park, 1887. A History of the 

 libraries by W. R. Credland was issued in 

 1899. A quarterly Record is published. 



99 There is a municipal museum at 

 •Queen's Park, CoUyhurst, opened in 

 1884. The Manchester Museum at the 

 University receives an annual grant from 

 the corporation. 



i"" The building and contents of the 

 Royal Manchester Institution were in 

 1881 acquired by the corporation in trust 

 for the public ; there is a permanent col- 

 lection of pictures and works of art, and 

 yearly exhibitions also are held. 



looa The school of technology was be- 

 £un in 1895 and opened in 1902. 



"1 In 1282 a 'small park' called Aide- 

 pare and Litheak was valued at 331. ^d. a 

 year for herbage and pannage ; Lanes, Inq, 

 and Extents,!, 244. In 1322 there were 

 At Alport 30 acres of heath, worth 30s. a 

 year ; 2 acres of meadow and 20 acres of 

 pasture, worth 13s. ^d. ; the wood there, 

 a mile in circumference, might be made 

 pasturage at the lord' swill, and was worth 

 ■only 6s. id. a year in pannage, honey, 

 eyries of hawks, Sec, but the gross value 

 of the timber was ,^300 ; Mamecestre, ii, 



363. 367. 368. 



There were timber trees m Alport Park 

 in 1597 ; Ducatus Lane. (Rec. Com.), iii, 

 382. 



1™ In 1430 Lord La Warre granted 



Over Alport to Master John Huntington 

 and Thomas Phillip at a rent of 30J., in- 

 creasing to 40J. ; Hulme D. no. 97. Six 

 years later he and the feoffees granted 

 Nether Alport to Huntingdon ; ibid. no. 

 80. A new feoffment of both parcels 

 was made by Huntington's trustees in 

 1463 ; ibid. no. 85, 86. In 1473 Nicholas 

 Ravald, chaplain, held the pasture called 

 Over Alport at a rent of ^z ; and the 

 warden of the church held the park called 

 Nether Alport at a rent of ^i 131. 4*/.; 

 Mamecestre, iii, 484. 



103 See the account of St. James's 

 chantry. 



™ Pat. 3 Edw. VI, pt. 1 1. The family 

 had previously held lands at Alport of Lord 

 La Warre ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. v, 68. 

 Henry, Earl of Derby, lived at Alport 

 Lodge in 1579 ; Ct. Leet Rec. ii, 7;. 



105 It appears that William, Earl of 

 Derby, in 1599 granted to Sir Randle 

 Brereton for a term of 2,000 years the 

 lodge in Alport Park, the park itself, or 

 impaled land, and the remainder of his 

 estate there. The lands were in the same 

 year transferred to Thomas Ireland of 

 Gray's Inn, and by him to Edward Mosley 

 of the same inn, Adam Smith, and Oswald 

 Mosley of Manchester. The joint pur- 

 chase was afterwards divided, for Oswald 

 Mosley's son Samuel in 1626 sold his 

 portion to George Tipping ; deeds copied 

 by J. Harland. Anodier portion was by 

 Oswald's will held by Rowland Mosley ; 

 Manch. Ct. Leet Rec. iii, 129. 



Rowland, the son of Sir Nicholas Mos- 

 ley, lord of Manchester, perhaps acquired 

 his brother Edward's share, for he died in 

 1617 seised of Alport Lodge, with land, 

 meadow, and pasture in Alport Park, held 

 of the king by the twentieth part of a 

 knight's fee ; Lanes. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. 

 Lanes, and Ches.), ii, 66, 69. Edward Mos- 

 ley, a successful lawyer, attorney-general 

 for the duchy, was made a knight in 1614, 

 and purchased the manor of RoUeston in 

 Staffordshire; he died in 1638, and left 

 his estates to Rowland's son Sir Edward; 

 Mosley, Fam. Mem. 13, 14. 



Adam Smith, the other purchaser, was 

 in 1600 ordered to make a ditch along 

 the nearer Alport field ; Manch. Ct. Leet 

 Rec. ii, 156. 



In 1620 the jury found that John 

 Gilliam had purchased lands at Alport of 

 Thomas Owen ; ibid, iii, 23. 



Robert Neild of Manchester, attorney, 

 whose chief estate was at Warrington, 

 held lands in Deansgate and Alport in 

 Manchester at his death in 1631. He 

 left four infant daughters as co-heirs — 

 Anne, Mary, Ellen, and Katherine ; ibid, 

 iii, 179 ; Duchy of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxv, 

 29. 



106 Mamecestre, ii, 371, It has never 

 been a separate township. 



1"^ Lanes, Inq. and Extents^ ^j 5^ j the 

 name is spelt Einecote. The charter giv- 

 ing 'the whole land of Ancoats,* with 

 common of pasture and other easements 

 of the vill of Manchester, and right of 

 way beyond Staniford to Green Lane, is 

 copied in the Black Book of Clayton 

 (Byron Chartul.) no. 79/237. A John de 

 Ancoats occurs before 1182 ; Final Cone, 

 (Rec. Soc. Lanes, and Ches.), i, 219, 

 Ralph de * Hanekotes ' was living in 1242 ; 

 Lanes. Inq, and Extents, \, 153. John de 

 Ancoats, son of Robert de Manchester, 

 also is named ; Booker, Birch, 186. 



Most of the deeds referred to will be 

 found in Harland's account of Ancoats in 

 Manch, Coll. i, 69. 



10s 'Yh.c Byron lands seem to have been 

 derived partly from the Chadderton family, 

 and partly from the Ancoats family. In 

 the Byron Chartulary referred to arc 

 grants from Henry de Ancoats to Robert 

 son of Simon de Manchester (no. 87/242), 

 to Alexander the Dyer of Manchester 

 (no. 14/313), to Geoffrey de Chadderton 

 and Joan his wife (no. 26/315), to Ellen 

 his sister with remainder to Geoffrey and 

 Joan (no. 30/243), and to Henry deTraf- 

 ford (no. 31/245); these are dated between 

 1295 and 1305. Adam son of Richard, 

 the son-in-law of Roger de Manchester, 

 gave half of Broad Green to Geoffrey de 

 Chadderton and Joan (no. 25/314), while 



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