A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE 



The Brideoaks of Cheetham Hill " produced a Bishop 

 of Chichester."' 



The principal contributors to the land tax in 1795 

 were Lord Ducie, James Hilton, and James Heywood, 

 together paying more than a third.'* 



In connexion with the Established Church St. 

 Mark's was erected in 1 794, the first church in the 

 part of Manchester parish lying between the Irwell 

 and Irk ; a district was assigned to it in 1839.'° It 

 was followed by St. Luke's, 1839 ;" St. John the 

 Evangelist's, 1 871 ;'^ and St. Albans, Cheetwood, 

 1874.'' St. Thomas's, 1863, described as in Lower 

 Crumpsall, is within the township of Cheetham. 



The Wesleyan Methodists have three churches ; *° 

 the Primitive Methodists and the United Free Church 

 one each. The Congregationalists have two churches, 

 one in Bury New Road, usually called ' Broughton 

 Chapel,' and one at Cheetham Hill." The Salvation 

 Army has a meeting place in Hightown. 



The Presbyterian Church of England is represented 

 by Trinity Church, Cheetham Hill, built in 1899; 

 the cause originated in 1845." The Welsh Calvinistic 

 Methodists also have a chapel. The Unitarians for- 

 merly had a chapel at Strangeways.*^ 



At Cheetham Hill is the convent of Notre Dame. 



The southern end of the township having a large 

 Jewish population, British and foreign, there are nine 

 synagogues, some of the buildings having formerly 

 been used as Nonconformist chapels.'* A hospital and 

 dispensary have been founded, and there is a Home 

 for Aged Jews. A Talmud Torah school has been 

 opened. 



CRUMPSALL 



Curmisale, 1282 (copy) ; Curmesalle, Curmeshal, 

 1320 (copy) ; Curmesale, 1405 ; Cromshall, 1548. 



This township lies to the south-west of the Irk, and 

 has an area of 733 acres. The surface is hilly, a ridge 

 which attains 280 ft. over the Ordnance datum occupy- 

 ing the southern side, and sending out numerous spurs 

 towards the Irk. The township has in the main be- 



come urban ; the Manchester workhouse with its land 

 occupies a large part of the eastern side, in a place 

 formerly called the Bongs or Banks. Adjacent stands the 

 Prestwich workhouse. To the west is Crumpsall Green. 

 The population in 1 90 1 was reckoned with Cheetham. 



The Manchester and Bury road passes along the 

 south-west boundary, and has two important offshoots 

 — on the eastern side to Blackley, and on the western 

 to Middleton. There are numerous cross streets. 

 The Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's railway 

 from Manchester to Bury passes north-west through 

 the centre of the township, with a station. 



John Blackwall, a naturalist, died at Crumpsall in 

 1881. 



A local board was constituted in 1854.' In 1890 

 the township became part of the city of Manchester, 

 and was absorbed in the new township of North 

 Manchester in 1 896. 



A school board was formed in 1875.' 



There is a Jews' cemetery at Lower Crumpsall. 



In 1 666 the hearths liable to the tax numbered forty- 

 seven.' Though the township is now mostly residential 

 a number of industries exist. Mills, print works, and 

 chemical works stand by the Irk ; there are also brick 

 works and a rope walk. In 1852 there were a cotton 

 mill and print, bleach, and dye works.* 



In 1282 the lord of Manchester had 

 MANOR ten oxgangs of land in CRUMPSALL in 

 bondage, the farm of which was 40/. ; the 

 rent of certain assarts there amounted to 10/. zd.^ 

 The more detailed survey of 1320-2 shows that 

 three of the oxgangs were held separately by villein 

 tenants at a rent of 5/. zd. each ; ' the other seven, 

 with 108 acres of land, appear to have been in the 

 lord's hand.' There were 40 acres of moor, in which 

 all the tenants had common of pasture.' The tenants 

 of the hamlet were bound to grind at the mill of 

 Manchester.' The feoffees of Lord La Warre in 1405 

 released to him three messuages and 800 acres of land 

 in Crumpsall, lately parcel of the manor of Man- 

 chester." 



8< The will of Ralph Bryddocke (Bride- 

 oak) of Manchester, clerk, is printed in 

 Piccope, ffills (Chet. Soc), iii, 142. 

 Richard and Geoffrey Brideoak were 

 among the executors. 



Richard Brideoak, a tenant of the Earl 

 of Derby in Cheetham, asserted in 1598 

 a right to common in Crumpsall Moor 

 against Henry Shepherd, bailiff" of Alex- 

 ander Reddish, but his claim was re- 

 jected ; PaU of Lane. Plea R. 283, m. 14. 



'■" Ralph son of Richard Brideoak of 

 Cheetham Hill was born about 1614, 

 entered Brasenose Coll. Oxford in 1630, 

 and was created M.A. 1636. After 

 various appointments he gained the favour 

 of James, Earl of Derby, and remained 

 loyal to that family during the Civil War 

 and its subsequent misfortunes ; he gained 

 the favour also of Speaker Lenthall, who 

 presented him to the vicarage of Witney 

 in Oxfordshire. He was made D.D; in 

 1660. He was rector of Standish in 

 1644, but kept out of his right, which he 

 regained in 1660 and held till his death. 

 In 1667 he was made Dean of Salisbury, 

 and in 1675 Bishop of Chichester, having, 

 it is supposed, bribed the king's mistress, 

 the Duchess of Portsmouth. He died 

 three years later, having (according to 

 Wood) * spent the chief part of his life in 

 continual agitation for the obtaining of 



wealth and settling a family' ; Wood, 

 Athtnae ; Diet. Nat. Biog. ) V.C.H. Lanes. 

 ii, 585. Another member of the family 

 became rector of Sefton. 



8^ Returns at Preston. 



^ For district see l-ond. Gaz. 29 Mar. 

 1839, 1 July 1856. Copies of the monu- 

 mental inscriptions are in the Owen MSS. 



87 Land. Gam, I July 1856 (reciting 

 that a district had been assigned to it in 

 1840). 



'8 For district see Lond. Gaz. 14 May 

 1872. 



»9 Ibid. 20 Oct. 1874. 



^^ The Wesleyans have a cemetery at 

 Cheetham Hill. There was a chapel 

 there in 1837. 



^' The work began about 1851 ; the 

 former building was opened in 1857 and 

 the latter in 1853 ; Nightingale, Lanes. 

 Nonconf. v, 192-4. There was also a 

 meeting place in Hightown ; ibid. 196. 



■•^ The earlier church was near Vic- 

 toria Station, and is now used by the 

 Y.W.C.A. 



^ In New Bridge Street ; opened in 

 1838. 



*^ The Great Synagogue and New 

 Synagogue, Cheetham Hill Road ; British 

 Jews, Park Place ; Spanish and Portu- 

 guese Synagogue; Central Synagogue, 

 Park Street ; Roumanian Synagogue, 



262 



Waterloo Road ; Strangeways and Cracow 

 Synagogue in Strangeways ; North Man- 

 chester Synagogue, Bury New Road. 



1 Lond. Gax. 14 Apr. 1854. 



2 Ibid, i; Jan. 1875. 



' Subs. R. bdle. 250, no. 9. The largest 

 houses were those of Giles Siddall (with 

 six hearths), and Thomas Percival (with 

 iive). 



■• J. Booker, Blackley (Chet. Soc), 213. 



' Lanes. Inq, and Extents (Rec Soc 

 Lanes, and Ches.), i, 24;, 



* Mamecestre (Chet. Soc), ii, 281 ; the 

 names of the tenants were Richard son of 

 Maiot, William son of Maiot, and Rich- 

 ard son of Roger. The same services 

 were rendered as at Ardwick. The value 

 of the works of the natives was 5s., and 

 their rents amounted to 69J. %d. 



' Ibid, ii, 363 ; 3 J oxgangs were worth 

 i6j. \d. each j 2 oxgangs, is. ; i J, 81. id.\ 

 a cottage with a rood of land was worth 

 6d. a year. There were four bleaching 

 grounds (polia) worth in all 21s. 6d. for 

 j6 acres. 



* Ibid, ii, 291, 369 ; there were 18 acres 

 of heath, valued at ,^3 61. ^d. a year. 



» Ibid, ii, 281. 



" Chan. Inq. p.m. ; Hen. VI, no. 54. 

 The bounds began at the boundary be- 

 tween the hamlet and Thurstan Holland's 

 tenement in Heaton under Blackley, fol- 



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