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with manure to be spread upon the fields, but should be collected and 

 burned as should also the infected respiratory organs of slaughtered 

 animals. 



Treatment. — Treatment with a view to attacking the worms by way 

 of the digestive tract with remedies supposed to act by their excretion 

 through the lungs can at most be but mildly successful. Administered 

 in this way, a sufficient quantity of the anthelmintic to be effectual would 

 probably include the host in its destructive effect. 



Fumigation with various substances has been recommended and 

 widely practiced. This procedure has more to recommend it than the 

 first mentioned in that the remedy reaches the worms directly, having 

 such a deleterious action upon them that they are more readily expelled 

 in the coughing induced by the irritant smoke and vapors. Again an 

 objection to the method is the intensity of application required for its 

 success, this demanding that the animals be subjected to the fumes until 

 they are dangerously close to asphyxiation. 



Where the fumigation treatment is resorted to it should be carried 

 out in a tightly closed building to accommodate not more than fifty 

 lambs at a time. Among the various substances which have been used 

 to generate the fumes are tar, creolin, asafetida, horns, hoofparings, hair 

 and the vapor of heated oil of turpentine. The intensity and duration 

 of the treatment should be governed by the size and vigor of the animals 

 and according as they become accustomed to it. At first it should not 

 be applied for more than a few minutes each day; later two or three 

 treatments of ten or more minutes duration each may be given daily. 

 During the fumigation the animals should be closely watched for evi- 

 dences of asphyxiation. 



Of agents for creating the fumes, tar, sulphur and turpentine may be 

 mentioned as probably among the best. These may be placed upon 

 hot coals contained in a pot suspended by a chain from the ceiling in 

 such manner that it will be just beyond the reach of the animals' heads. 

 The fumes should fill the entire enclosure and can be maintained by 

 adding more of the ingredients as required. 



A more successful method of treatment is by tracheal injections of 

 liquids which will kill the worms or reduce their vitality to a sufficient 

 degree that they may be easily expelled. This procedure is espe- 

 cially to be recommended for calves and is equally effectual for lambs, 

 though where flocks of considerable size are involved, it is not so 

 practicable. 



The measure of success attained by such treatment will depend largely 

 upon the degree to which the worms and their larvae have penetrated to 

 the deeper parts of the respiratory organs. The solutions used must 

 reach their destination by gravity, aided somewhat by the currents of 

 inspired air, so that ultimately they will probably pass no further than 



