APPENDAGES. 39 
prickles, as if in self defence. See the Thorn-bush (Fig. 99), 
where the long straight thorns come from the axils of the 
leaves, and are woody. The 
terrible thorns of the Honey 
Locust (Fig. 100) are branched. 
Those of the common Locust 
are in the place of stipules. 
Those last mentioned, and all 
others which originate with 
the leaves (as in Berberis, 
Thistle, &c.), are more prop- 
erly called spines. 
57. As for the Rose and 
Bramble, they are armed with 
prickles, which are horny in 
substance, connected with the Thorns.—Fig. 99. Crategus parvifolia 
bark only, not with the wood. (thorns axillary). Fig. 100. Honey Lo- 
ee cust (branched thorns). 
(See Fig. 101.) 
58. Glands are little wart-like bodies which secrete the 
peculiar fluids of the plant, sometimes imbedded in the leaf 
or the rind of the fruit, as in the Lemon, where it is filled 
with a fragrant volatile oil; sometimes raised on a hair 
(Figs. 102, 103), as in Sundew, exuding a clammy liquid. 
59. Stings are piercing hairs, having a bag at the base 
filled with an acrid fluid. When touched the tip breaks off, 
the hair penetrates the skin, and the poison is injected into 
the wound. (See Fig. 106.) 
56. What is the habit of the thorns of the Thorn-bush? of the Honey 
Locust? of the common Locust? What of the habit of spines? 
57. What of prickles? 
58. Describe glands, the two kinds. 
59. What is the structure and action of stings? 
