FORMS OF STEMS. 111 
234. Of the leaf-stem class we must describe three kinds, 
the trunk, caulis, and vine. Trunk is the name given to the 
stems of woody, erect plants, especially of trees. They are 
the representatives of loftiness and strength, in poetic phrase, 
lifting their summits to the skies and doing battle with the 
storm. There are, indeed, few objects in nature possessed of 
a truer grandeur than the White Pine’s trunks of the North- 
ern forests. 
235. Caulis, is the general name given by botanists to the 
Vines. Fig. 851. Passion-flower (Passiflora lutea), climbing by tendrils. Fig 
852. Morning-glory, twining from left to right. Fig. 858. Hop, twining from right 
to left. 
234, Name, next, three kinds of leaf-stems. Describe the trunk. 
285. The caulis. Meaning and use of caulescent? acaulescent? Give ex- 
amples of each. 
