186 THE FLORA. 
Petals 8, the lower one boat-shaped, and often tipped with a crest. Sta- 
mens united by the filaments into a split sheath, or into 2 sets, cohering 
more or less with the claws of the petals. Fruit a small 2-celled, 2-seeded 
capsule, flattened on the sides and notched on the top. Seeds with an 
appendage at one end.—Low, bitter herbs (sometimes shrubs), with simple 
entire leaves, sometimes bearing underground flowers. (Zig. 487, a.) 
* Leaves all alternate and scattered....a 
* Leaves whorled, at least the lower ones....e 
a Flowers purple, or reddish, or white....b 
a Flowers yellow or yellowish green....d 
b Flowers solitary or in racemes, purple....Nos, 1-3 
b Flowers in spikes which are oblong or slender....¢ 
c Leaves lanceolate, large, pointed at each end....4 
s Leaves linear, 1 to 2’” wide....5-7 
c Leaves awl-shaped or bristle-shaped....8-10 
a Spikes solitary, large, thick, Biennial....11, 12 
a Spikes numerous, corymbous, small. Biennial....18, 14 
e Spikes acute, slender....15, 16 
e Spikes obtuse, thick....17, 18 
1 P. paucifo/lia Showy M. Fils. 2 or 8, large (root fis. small). Lvs. ovate. (Fig. 488.) 
2 P. grandiflo’ra. Fils. racemed, crestless. Lvs. lance-ovate. S. 
8 P. polyg’ama, Flowers racemed, crested. Lvs. linear-oblong. (fig. 437.) 
4 P.Sen’ega. Seneca Snake-root, Fls. white, in slender spikes. Stem 1f. high, 
5 P.sanguin’ea. Bloody M. Spikes oblong, obtuse, dense. Wings sessile. 
6 P, fastigia’ta. Roofed M. Spikes roundish, loose-flowered. Wings clawed. 
7 P. Nuttal/lii. Wuttall’s M. Spikes roundish, acute, dense. Wings elliptic. 
8 P. incarna’ta. Flesh-colored MU. Lvs. few, subulate. Pet. much longer than calyx. 
9 P. seta’cea. Naked M. Leaves very minute. Petals longer than calyx. 8. 
10 P. Chapman’ii. Chapman's M. Lvs. subulate. Calyx long as petuls. 8S. 
11 P.lu’tea. Yellow UW. Tall (8-12’), with orange-yellow flowers. M.S. 
12 P.na’na. Dwarf M. Low (8-5’), with greenish-yellow flowers. 8. 
13 P.cymo’sa. Cyme-jiowered M. Lvs. mostly cauline. Seed not bracted. 8. 
14 P.ramo’sa. Branching M. Lvs. mostly radical. Seed bracted. 8. 
15 P. verticilla’ta, Whorled M. Lvs. linear. Wings roundish. Fils. greenish. W. 
16 P. Boykin’ii. Boykin’s M. Lvs. lance-obovate. Wings round-obovate. 8. 
17 P. crucia’ta. Cross M. Spikes obtuse, thick, sessile. Wings pointed. 
18 P. brevifo’lia. Short leaved M. Spikes obtuse, loose, stalked. Wings acute, 
Orprr XLVI. LEGUMINOS.&. Leguminous Plants. 
Plants with alternate, mostly compound stipulate leaves, with 
4-5 sepals; 5 petals, more or less papilionaceous, sometimes regular; 
