170 THE NURSERY LIST. 



Apios (Ground-Nut). Leguminosce. 



Propagated by the tubers, or divisions of them ; also 

 easily by seeds. 



Aplectram (Putty-Root). Orchidacece. 



Increased by the bulb-like subterranean tubers ; also 

 by seeds. A difficult plant to grow. 



Apocynum (Dog's Bane). Apocynacece. 



Propagated by seeds, suckers and divisions. The best 

 time to divide is just as the plants are starting into 

 growth in spring. 



Aponogeton. Naiadacece. 



Increased rapidly by seeds and offsets. The seeds 

 should be sown as soon as ripe, in pots plunged in water 

 and covered with glass. 



Apple {Py]-us Malus). Rosacece. 



Standard apple stocks are grown from seeds, and dwarf 

 stocks from mound layers. Apple seeds are either im- 

 ported from France or are obtained from pomace.. The 

 Frencli seeds give what are technically known as crab 

 stocks, the word crab being used in the sense of a wild or 

 inferior apple. The yearling stocks themselves are im- 

 ported from France in great numbers. It has been sup- 

 posed that French crab stocks are hardier and more vig- 

 orous than ours, but this opinion is much less common 

 than formerly, and the foreign stocks are not so popular 

 now as the domestic stocks. As a rule, nurserymen who 

 grow trees do not raise apple stocks. Stock growing is 

 largely a separate business, and in this country it is an 

 important industry in Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa, and other 

 plains states. 



The chief source of apple seeds at the present time is 

 the pomace from cider mills. The "cheese" of pomace 

 is broken up, and if the material is dry enough it may be 

 run through a large sieve to remove the coarser parts. 

 The seeds are then removed by washing. Various 

 devices are in use for washing them out. They all pro- 

 ceed upon the fact that the pomace will rise in water and 

 the seeds sink. Some use a tub or common tank, which 

 is tilted a little to allow the water to flow over the side. 

 Others employ boxes some 7 or 8 feet long, 4 feet wide 

 and a foot deep, the lower end of which is onlv 11 

 inches deep to allow the escape of the water. This 



