PINEY — PIQUERIA. 299 



The crown of the fruit and the various offsets or "crown- 

 lets," which appear on the sides and base of the fruit,, 

 may be removed and used as cuttings. These offsets are 

 commonly used in greenhouse propagation. It is the 

 usual practice to allow them to dry several days before 

 they are planted, and in pine-apple regions they are often 

 exposed to the sun for several weeks. This operation is 

 unnecessary, however, although it is not objectionable. 

 A good way to start the offsets is to pull off the lowest 

 leaves and insert the offsets in damp moss in shade — giv- 

 ing bottom heat for greenhouse work and as soon as 

 roots begin to form, which will occur in from two to six 

 weeks, plant them out permanently. In the tropics fruit 

 can be obtained in twenty months after the offsets are 

 transplanted; but fruit bearing is often delayed three or 

 four years under poor treatment. 



PJney. See Pseonia. 



Pinguicula (Butterwort). Lentibulariacece . 



The hardy and greenhouse species are increased by 

 seeds, division, or by leaf cuttings. 



Pink (Dianthus, various species). Caryophyllacea . 



Seeds and division. Best results by raising plants from 

 seed every two or three years. Seeds are usually sown 

 where the plants are to remain ; or they may be sown in a 

 coldframe and transplanted. See Carnation and Dianthus. 



Pinus (Pine). Conifem. 



Seeds, which should be kept dry over winter, are com- 

 monly employed. These are often started in pots, but for 

 most species they are sown in well prepared beds out- 

 doors. The seedlings must usually be shaded the first 

 season. Varieties, as also species which do not produce 

 seed freely, may be grafted upon stocks of white or Aus- 

 trian pine or other sfiecies. This grafting may be done 

 upon the tips of growing shoots early in the season (page 

 131), but it is oftener performed upon potted plants by the 

 veneer method. 



Piper, Cubeba ( Pepper, Cubeb ) . Piperacece. 



Seeds. All are increased by mearis of cuttings of the 

 growing shoots, inserted in sandy soil under glass. 



Piqueria. Compositce. 



Piqueria trinervia (the Stevia serrata of florists) is gen- 

 erally grown from cuttings, like fuchsias and carnations, 

 Also by seeds, which are freely produce4; 



