104 ASCLEPIADACE^. Gonolobus. 



++ Crown fleshy, the border merely crenate. 



G. obliquus, R. Br. Leaves from rounded- to ovate-cordate with a narrow sinus, 

 abruptly acuminate (3 to 8 inches long) : umbel maiiy-flowcred, sometimes cymosely com- 

 pound or geminate: corolla in the bud oblong-conical; its lobes linear-ligulate (5 or 6 lines 

 long, barely a line wide), crimson-purple inside, dull or greenish and minutely pubescent 

 outside : margin of the crown 10-crenulate, with the intermediate crenatures sometimes 

 2-dentate. — Rcera. & Schult. Syst. vi. 64 ; Bart. Fl. Am. Sept. iii. t. 99 ; Gray, Man. ed. 5, 

 399. G. hirsutus, Nutt. Gen. 1. 163, not Michx. G. macrophjUus, Decaisne, 1. c, chiefly, not 

 Michx. Gonolobtum hirsutum, Pursh, Fl. i. 179. Ciinanchum ohliquum, Jacq. Coll. i. 148, & 

 Ic. Rar. t. 341. C. discolor, Sims, Bot. Mag. t 1273; therefore Gonolobus discolor, Roem. & 

 ■ Schult. 1. c. C. hirtum, L. ?, as to Apocynum scandens Virginianum, etc., Moris. Hist. iii. 611, 

 t. 3, fig. 61. — Mountains of Virginia (and Carolina 1 ) to Pennsylvania, Ohio and Kentucky. 

 Anthers with a distinct dorsal membrane which barely reaches the edge of the stigma. 



Var. Shortii, apparently a form with dull purplish and larger flowers (corolla-lobes 

 a line and a half wide), said to have the sG^nt o^ Ga/^canjAiiS-blossoms. — Dry woods, near 

 Lexington, Kentucky, Short, Peter. ^^^ ^^ xll.^c<>fT'^C^ ^^^y-Z^-*^ 



G. hirsutus, Michx. Commonly more hairy : leaves nearly^s th.^^eceding, the basal 

 lobes sometimes overlapping : peduncles fewer-flowered : corolla in the bud ovate ; its 

 lobes elliptical-oblong, 3 or 4 lines long, barely puberulent outside, dull or brownish-purple : 

 margin of the crown obtusely lO-crenate. — Fl. i. 119 (excl. syn. Walt.) ; Gray, Man. 1. c, 

 excl. syn. in part. Apocynum hirsutum, etc., Pluk. Aim. 37, t. 76. — Maryland and Virginia 

 to Tennessee and Florida. Corolla in dried specimens showing some reticulate venation. 



++ ++ Crown of thinner texture, 5-lobed and with intermediate geminate or 2-cleft longer teeth : 

 peduncle commonly longer and inflorescence more c^'mose or umbellate-clustered: leaves, &c., as 

 in the preceding species : flower-bud oblong, barely puberulent outside. 



-G. Carolinensis, R. Br. Corolla brownish-purple; the lobes oblong or linear-oblong, 

 4 or 5 lines long : crown undulately and very obtusely 5-lobed and with a longer bifid 

 subulate process in each sinus which equals or somewhat surpasses the stigma. — Rcem. & 

 Schult. 1. c. 62 ; Ell. Sk. i. 328 (excl. fruit) ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 1. c. G. hirsutus. Sweet, 

 Br. Fl. Gard. t. ]. Cynanchum Carolinense, Jacq. Coll. ii. 228, & Ic. Rar. t. 342. Vincetoxicum 

 acanthocarpos, Walt. Car. 104, ex char. — S. Carolina to Louisiana and Arkansas. 

 G. Baldwinianus, Sweet. Corolla whitish, thin in texture ; the lobes less spreading, 

 oblong OF becoming spatulate, 4 or 5 lines long : crown almost membranaceous, deeply 

 cleft ; the 5 broader lobes quadrate, with the summit commonly emarginate ; in their si- 

 nuses a pair of slender linear-subulate processes of about double the length, which promi- 

 nently surpass the stigma. — G. macrophyllus. Ell. Sk. i. 327 (" corolla obscure yellow "), not 

 Michx. G, Carolinensis, Nutt. Gen. i. 163 ("flowers yellowish"), not R. Br. G. hirsutus, 

 Lodd. Cab. t. 36-5 1 — Georgia and Alabama {Buckley, " flowers white ") to N. W. Arkansas, 

 Engelriiann ; " flowers whitish witli offensive odor." Transition to Polymeria of Decaisne. 



* * Flowers solitary and subsessile in the axils : corolla deply 5-clef t : anthers prominent and more 

 separate from the stigma. 



G. sagittifolius, Gray. Barely puberulent, small and low, but twining : leaves rather 

 fleshy (a quarter to half inch long, and with petiole of half the length), sagittate, with 

 auricles obtuse or rounded : cor.oUa " yellow," glabrous, 2^ lines long ; the lobes lanceolate- 

 linear : crown at the base of corolla, entire and saucer-shaped : follicles lanceolate, smooth 

 and nearly glabrous. — Proc. Am. Acad. xii. 77. — Mountain sides along the Rio Limpio, 

 Western Texas, Wright. A peculiar species, in Bot. Mex. Bound, confounded with G. 

 parvifolius. 



§ 3. Chthamj(lia, Gray, 1. c. Corolla not conspicuously venulose-reticulated, 

 campanulate or rotate : crown appendaged or crested within, or else double (the 

 internal appendages being free), inserted at the junction of tlie column with the 

 corolla, or more adnate to one or the other : anthers more prominent and distinct 

 from the stigma (not rarely with short corneous wings in the manner of Asclepias) : 

 flowers small : stems mostly low and little or not at all twining. — Chthamalia (at 

 least in part) & Lachnostnma, in part, Decaisne in DC. 1. c. Lachnostoma, Benth. 

 & Hook, in part, not II BK. (The first species nearly wants the technical character.) 



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