310 SCROPHULARIACE^. Pedicularis. 



-)—•»— H— -I— -I— Galea completely straight and anteriorly rectilinear, edentulate, very much 

 longer and larger than the depauperate lip, slightly broader upwards ; the whole corolla therefore 

 more or less clavate. 



P. densiflora, Benth. Pubescent or glabrate : stem stout, 6 to 20 inches high, leafy : 

 leaves ample (4 to 12 inches long), of oblong outline, twice pinnatifid or pinnately parted, 

 and the lobes laoiniate-dentate ; the irregular salient teeth cuspidate-tipped : spike at first 

 very dense, oblong (2 or 3 inches long), in age looser and longer (sometimes a foot or more 

 long) ; lower bracts leaf-like ; uppermost almost entire and equalling or shorter than the 

 short-pedicellate or sessile flowers : calyx deeply 5-toothed ; the teeth lanceolate or subu- 

 late : corolla scarlet-red, fully an inch long ; lip a line or two long : filaments glabrous. 

 — Hook. Fl. ii. 110, & DC. I.e. 574; Gray, Bet. Calif, i. 583. P. attenuata, Benth. in 

 DC. 1. c. — Dry hills, almost throughout California, at least in the western part of the State. 

 A variable but most distinct species. 



37. RHINANTHUS, L. Yellow-rattle. (Formed of qiv, snout, and 

 avdog, flower, now meaningless, for the species with beak to the upper lip of the 

 corolla have been removed to another genus.) — Comprises a very few annuals of 

 northern temperate zone ; with erect stem, opposite leaves, and mostly yellow 

 subsessile flowers in the axils, the upper ones crowded and secund in a leafy- 

 bracted spike ; in summer. Seeds when ripe rattle in the inflated dry calyx, 

 whence the popular name. 



• R. Crista-galli, L. About a foot high, glabrous, or slightly pubescent above : leaves 

 from narrowly oblong to lanceolate, coarsely serrate ; bracts more incised and the acumi- 

 nate teeth setaceous-tipped : corolla barely half inch long, only the tip exserted ; trans- 

 verse appendages of the galea transversely ovate, as broad or broader than long : seeds 

 conspicuously winged. — Spec. ii. 603, mainly ; Engl. Bot. t. 657. R. minor, Ehrh. Beitr. vi. 

 144. — Coast of New England, rare, and perhaps introduced. Alpine region of the White 

 Mountains, New Hampshire, Labrador and Newfoundland, Lake Superior, Rocky Moun- 

 tains, extending south to New Mexico, and north-west to Alaska and Unalaska ; clearly 

 indigenous. (Greenland, Eu., Asia.) Varies much in size, but apparently we have no 

 R. major, Ehrh. 



38. MELAMP"tRUM, Tourn. Cow- Wheat. (The name, from fiAa? and 

 nvQog, means black wheat : in Europe some species are weeds in grain fields.) — 

 Low and branching annuals ; with opposite leaves ; chiefly European, one Atlantic 

 N. American : fl. summer. 



M. Amerioanum, Michx. Nearly glabrous, a foot or so high, loosely branched : 

 leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, short-petioled ; lower entire ; upper with abrupt base 

 and one or two bristly-acuminate teeth, or nearly hastate : calyx-teeth longer than the tube, 

 subulate-filiform, one-third the length of the slender pale yellow (barely half inch) corolla : 

 flowers scattered in the axils of ordinary leaves. — Fl. ii. 16 ; Graj-, Man. 338. M. lineare. 

 Lam. Diet. iv. 23. M. latifoUum, Muhl. Cat. ; Nutt. Gen. ii. 58. M. sylvaticum. Hook. Fl. ii. 

 106, not L. M. pratense, var. Americanum, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 584. M. brachiatum, 

 Schwein. in Keating, Narr. St. Peter R. Appx. 115, a slender form. — Thickets, &c., Hud- 

 son's Bay to Saskatchewan, and through Atlantic States, chiefly eastward, to the moun- 

 tains of N. Carolina. 



Order XCVII. OROBANCHACE^. 



Eoot-parasitic herbs, destitute of green foliage (whitish, yellowish, reddish or 

 brown), with alternate scales in place of leaves, the two (single or double) multi- 

 ovulate placentae parietal, and ovary consequently one-celled, the very small and 

 innumerable seeds with a minute embryo having no obvious distinction of parts, 

 otherwise nearly as Scrophulariacece. Flowers hermaphrodite, 5-merous as to 



