320 BIGNONIACE^. Chilopds. 



Bot. Mag. t. 1094; Pursh, Fl. i. 10. Bigmnia Catalpa, L. {excl. syn.); Catesb. Car. 1. 

 t. 49; Michx. f. Sylv. ii. 64. — River banks, S. Illinois to Georgia, W. Florida, and Louis- 

 iana. Cult, north to New Enaland. / 



. — 4. ^HILOPSIS, Don. (XsrAoi,', lip, and o\^iq, resemblance; name of no 

 particular application.) — Single species. 



~C. saligna, Don. Shrub or low tree, 10 to 20 feet high, with hard wood, pubescent 

 when young, soon glabrous : branches slender : leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, 4 to 6 

 inches long, of firm texture : lower leaves often opposite or verticillate : flowers in a short 

 terminal raceme : corolla an inch or two long, white and purplish : capsule 6 to 10 inches 

 long. — Edinb. Phil. Jour. ix. 261 ; G. Don, Syst. iii. 228 ; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 587. C. 

 linearis, DC. Prodr. ix. 227. Bignonia linearis, Cav. Ic. iii. 35, t. 269. — Water-courses in 

 dry districts, S. Texas to S. California. (Mex.) 



Crescentia CtjjETE, L., the Calabash tree of the West Indies, the type of an anomalous 

 tribe of this order, with indehiscent cucurbitaceous-like fruit, has been introduced on the 

 Keys of Florida, and in consequence has been figured by Nuttall, Sylv. iii. 1. 103 ; but it 

 has no claim to a place in our flora. 



Order C. PEDALTACE^. 



Herbs, with mucilaginous or watery juice, chiefly opposite simple leaves, and 

 flowers as of the preceding order (to which it has more usually been annexed), 

 except in the structure of the ovary and fruit. Ovary either one-celled with two 

 parietal intruded placentse expanded into two broad lamellee or united into a 

 central columella, or variously 2-4-celled by the extension of the placentae and by 

 spurious partitions from the wall. Fruit capsular, drupaceous, or nucumentaceous, 

 few-many-seeded. Seeds wingless, mostly with a thick and close coat, filled by 

 the large embryo ; the cotyledons thickish. — A small extra-European and mainly 

 African order, or suborder, of warm climates, represented in the United States by 

 one sparingly naturalized, and one or two probably indigenous species. 



1. SESAMUM. Calyx herbaceous, 5-parted, persistent. Corolla ventricose-campanulate 

 or funnelform ; limb bilabiately 5-parted, spreading ; upper lobes smaller. Stamens didy- 

 namous : anther-cells parallel. Stigmas linear. Fruit an oblong quadrangular and 4-sul- 

 cate capsule, septicidal at summit, spuriously 4-celled, a false partition from the dorsal 

 suture of each of the two carpels reaching the columnar placenta at the centre. Seeds 

 numerous in a single series in each half-cell. 



2. MARTYNIA. Calyx 1-2-bracteolate, membranaceous, somewhat bladdery-eampanu- 

 late, 5-clef t, sometimes splitting anteriorly to base, deciduous. Corolla ventricose-funnel- 

 form or campanulate, somewliat oblique or decurved; the lobes of the bilabiately 5- 

 parted limb broad, somewhat undulate, slightly unequal. Stamens 4, strongly didynamous, 

 or sometimes only the anterior pair antheriferous : anthers tipped by a gland ; the cells 

 divaricate. Stigma bilamellar. Ovary one-celled, with two parietal placentae which 

 meet in the axis and there diverge in broad lamellae, bearings single or double rows of 

 ovules. Fruit fleshy-drupaceous, tapering into an incurved beak: fleshy exocarp at 

 maturity 2-valved and deciduous: endocarp fibrous-woody, scrobiculate, cristate at the 

 sutures, 2-valved through the slender beak to the summit of the cells, indehiscent below ; 

 the cavity by the extension of the placenta to the walls 4-locellate, and with a small 

 empty central cavity. Seeds rather numerous, oblong, large, with a thick and somewhat 

 spongy tuberculate-rugose coat. Cotyledons obovate, fleshy : radicle very short. 



1. SfiSAMUM, L. Bene, Oil-plant. (From the Arabic semsen.) — 

 Chiefly African annuals ; the following widely dispersed through cultivation. 



S. Indicum, L. Somewhat pubescent annual, 1 to 3 feet high, with mucilaginous juice and 

 oily seeds : leaves ovate-oblong or lanceolate, petioled ; lower often .3-lobed or divided : 

 corolla white or tinged with rose, inch long: capsule velvety-pubescent. — Bot. Mag. 



