366 LABIATE. Saloia. 



28. SALVIA, L. Sage. (The old Latin name, from salveo, to save.) — A 

 vast genus, widely dispersed, comparatively few species N. American, and those 

 mainly southward : fl. chiefly in summer. 



— S. OFFICINALIS, L., Common Sage.jjf the Old World, represents the genus in the gardens. 

 S. SPLENDENS, Sellow, of BrazU, an5*6. fulgens, Cav., of Mexico, are the two commoner 

 red-flowered species of ornamental cultivation. 



§ 1. S.4.lvij(strum, Gray. Throat of the calyx conspicuously bearded and in 

 fruit closed by a ring of long and dense villous hairs : upper lip with 3 broad and 

 short teeth, lower 2-parted into lanceolate teeth, all cuspidate : corolla ringent 

 (blue or purple), pilose-annulate within : upper emarginate-2-lobed ; lower ample, 

 with 3 roundish spreading lobes, middle one 2-lobed : stamens separatd : lower 

 anther-cells porrect, shorter, more or less polliniferous : nutlets abundantly spiril- 

 liferous : Texan low perennials, simple-stemmed, with copious mostly narrow 

 and entire leaves ; the dimiuished floral or bracts persistent, subtending 1 to 3 

 flowers ; these racemose or spicate. — Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 308. Salviastrum, 

 Scheele in Linn. xxii. 584; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 1196. § Trichosphace, 

 Engelm. in Bot. Zeit. ix. 45. 



S. Texana, Torr. Stems (a span or two high) with margins of the leaves and the calyx 

 hirsute witli long and spreading bristly hairs : flowers spicate, the upper floral leaves not 

 exceeding the calyx, which equals the dilated throat of the widely ringent blue corolla. — 

 Mex. Bound. 1.'32 ; Gray, 1. u. Salviastrum Texanum, Scheele, 1. o. ; Torr. & Gray, Pacif . R. 

 Rep. ii. t. 6. — Open rocky soil, W. Texas to the borders of New Mexico. 



Var. canescens, Gray, 1. c, a form with leaves hoary-white with fine tomentum, 

 all narrowly linear, with strongly revolute margins, and fewer flowers in the axils of the 

 upper ones. — Hills of the Pecos and Rio Grande, S. W. Texas, Writ/hi, Schott. 



S. Bngelmanni, Gray, l. c. Minutely puberulent and glabrate, the setose hairs few 

 and scattered or nearly wanting: leaves thinner; lower sometimes denticulate; floral 

 mostly equalling the more scattered flowers : corolla (an inch or more long) with narrower 

 tube and throat twice the length of the calyx, light purple. — W. Texas, Wrirjht, Lindheimer. 



§ 2. EcHiNOSPHACE. (§ Echinosphace & § Pycnosphace, Benth. Lab.) Throat 

 of the calyx villous-hairy or naked : upper lip much longer than the lower, more 

 or less incurved, 3-2-toothed ; the lower 2-parted; teeth all spinulose-aristate : 

 corolla ringent (blue or purple) ; tube pilose-annulate inside ; upper lip 2-lobed : 

 stamens separate, remote from the upper lip ; lower fork of the long filiform 

 connective bearing a polliniferous anther-cell : Californian winter-annuals ; with 

 pinnatifid leaves, and densely capitate-verticillastrate inflorescence : globular heads 

 many-flowered, involucrate with the persistent bract-like floral leaves. (Called 

 Chia : nutlets abundantly mucilaginous in water, infused for drink.) 



.S. carduacea, Benth.. White-woolly with lax cobwebby hairs: stem stout, simple, a 

 foot or two high, naked and scape-like, only at base subtended by a cluster of oblong sin- 

 uate-pinnatifid and spinulose-toothed Thistle-like leaves: vcrticillastrate heads 1 to 4 (an 

 inch or more in diameter), equalled or somewhat surpassed by the involucrate whorl of 

 lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate bracts, which are oftener pectinate with spinescent teeth : 

 calyx long-lanate ; the tube niulti-nervulose between the principal nerves ; the large upper 

 lip strongly 3-toothed, the middle tooth much the larger, the later.il distant, mostly sur- 

 passing those of the lower lip: throat villous: corolla lavender-color (an inch long); its 

 tube sliglitly cxserted ; upper lip erose-dentate or fimbriate and 2-cleft ; lower with small 

 lateral erose lobes, and a larger flabeliiforni and deeply fimbriately multifld middle one : 

 proper filament hardly any : anther-cells pubescent. — Lab. 302, «& Prodr. I.e. 340; Hook. 

 Bot. Mag. t. 4874; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 599. S. {Echinosphace) gossi/pma, Benth. PI. Hartw. 

 330. — Dry grounds through the lower parts of California, especially southward. 



