F. 0. R. 



^: 



=gi= 



3E 



PREFJCE. 



Fahrenheit, Celsius, and E.eau- 

 mur, is introduced for com- 

 parison. 



My various sources of infor- 

 mation, and the friendly as- 

 sistance I have received on all 

 hands during the progress of 

 our work, are acknowledged, so 

 far as possible, in the text. 

 I need here only renew my 

 thanks to StaflF-Commander 

 May and the officers of the 

 'Lightning,' and Captain Cal- 

 ver and the officers of the 

 ' Porcupine,' without whose 

 hearty sympathy and co-ope- 

 ration our task could never 

 have been satisfactorily accom- 

 plished ; to my colleagues. Dr. 

 Carpenter, E.Il.S., and Mr. 

 Gwyn Jeffreys, P.R.S., who 

 have cordially assisted me in 

 every way in their power ; and 

 to the naturalists into whose 

 hands the animals of various 

 classes were placed for descrip- 

 tion and study, — the E-ev. A. 

 jNlevle Norman, Professor Kol- 

 liker. Dr. Carter, P.E.S., Dr. 

 Allman, P.E.S., Professor Martin Duncan, P. P. 8., 



85 



80 



75 



70 



65 



60 



55 



50 



45 



40 



=H= 



3E 



23 

 22 



21 

 20 

 19 

 18 

 17 

 16 

 15 

 14 

 13 

 12 

 II 

 10 

 9 

 8 

 7 

 6 



5 



4 



3 

 2 

 I 



