CHAP. vj.J DEEP-SEA DRED&ING. 267 



— through many years, by Mr. Gwyn Jeffreys, Mr. 

 Barlee, the E,ev. A. Merle Norman, and Mr. Edward 

 "Waller, and communicated to the Transactions of the 

 Association from 1863 to 1868. The dredging com- 

 mittees of the British Association, combining the 

 pursuit of knowledge with the recreation of their 

 summer holidays, may be said to hare worked out the 

 fauna of the British area down to the 100-fathom 

 line, for the dredger is now rarely rewarded by a 

 conspicuous novelty, and must be contented that the 

 greater number of his additions to the British list 

 are confined to the more obscure groups. 



Meanwhile some members of the dredging com- 

 mittee and their friends who had time and means 

 at their disposal pushed their operations farther 

 a-field, and did good service on foreign shores. In 

 1850, Mr. MacAndrew published many valuable notes 

 on the lusitanian and mediterranean faunae ; and 

 in 1856, at the request of the biological section of 

 the British Association, he submitted to the Chel- 

 tenham m.eeting a general "report on the marine 

 testaceous mollusca of the Korth-east Atlantic and 

 neighbouring seas, and the physical conditions affect- 

 ing their development." The field of these arduous 

 labours extended from the Canary Islands to the 

 North Cape, over about 43 degrees of latitude, and 

 many species are recorded by him as having been 

 dredged at depths between 160 and 200 fathoms off 

 the coast of Norway. Subsequently, Mr. Gwyn 

 Jeffreys went over some of the same ground, and 

 made many additions to the lists of his predecessors. 



Nor were our neighbours idle. In Scandinavia 

 a brilliant triumvirate— Loven of Stockholm, Steen- 



