THE MAMMALS 243 
caffra), which was held sacred by the Egyptians, who em- 
* balmed them by thousands. 
224. Man-like mammals (Primates).—The last and high- 
est order of mammals, the Primates, includes the lemurs, 
monkeys,and man. The first of these are strange squir- 
rel-like forms living chiefly in trees in Madagascar and 
neighboring regions where they feed on insects. The apes 
and monkeys are divided into Old and New World forms, 
which differ widely from each other. The American species 
are marked by flat noses, with the nostrils far apart. All are 
arboreal, many have long prehensile tails, and the digits bear 
nails, not claws. Among them are several species of marmo- 
sets, the howling monkeys (Myocetes), the spider-monkeys 
(Ateles), and the capuchins (Cebus), all of which are more or 
less common in captivity. In the Old World apes, on the 
other hand, the nostrils are close together and are directed 
downward, the tail is never 
prehensile, and in some cases 
isrudimentary,and may even 
disappear. The lowest spe- 
cies (the dog-like apes) in- 
clude the large, clumsy ba- 
boons, among them the fa- 
miliar blue-nosed mandrill 
(Cynocephalus maimon) and 
several other species of light- 
er frame, such as the long- 
tailed monkey (Cercopithe- 
cus) (Fig. 139), the tailless 
Macacus, common in menag- 
eries, and the Barbary ape, in- 
habiting northern Africa and , 
extending over into Spain. Fie. 188.—Baby orang-utan. From life. 
The remaining anthro- 
poid or man-like apes include the gibbons ( Hylodates), orang- 
utan (Simia), gorilla (Gorilla), and chimpanzee (Anthropo- 
