4S6 



HENDERSON'S HANDBOOK OF PLANTS 



TIN 



fflna'ntia. Named after Tinant, a Belgian bot- 

 anist. Nat. Ord. Commelinacem. 



A small genus of lierbaceous plants of a 

 somewhat slirubby habit, natives of Central 

 America. T. fugax erecta is a half-hardy per- 

 ennial, closely allied to Tradescantia. It 

 grows well in any garden soil and is most 

 easily increased by seeds. It is found in cul- 

 tivation under the names of Tradeecantia 

 erecta, T. latifolia and T. undata. 



Ti'nnea Named in honor of Mdlle. Tinne, a 

 traveler in Egypt. Nat. Ord. Labialm. 



A small genus of woolly, herbaceous plants 

 or small shrubs, natives of tropical Africa. 

 T. ^thopica, the only introduced species, is a 

 hoary, dwarf shrub, bearing fragrant, maroon- 

 purple flowers very freely in short peduncles. 

 It was introduced in 1867 and is readily in- 

 creased by cuttings. 



'ffipula'ria. Crane-Fly Orchis. Named from a 

 fancied resemblance of the flowers to insects 

 of the genus Tipula. Nat. Ord. Orehidacem. 



A low-growing Orchid, rarely found, a native 

 of the Northern States from Massachusetts 

 to Michigan. The flower scape is from twelve 

 to eighteen inches high, and bears Bumerous 

 small, greenish flowers tinged with purple. 



Tissue. The material out of •which the elemen- 

 tary organs of plants are constructed, as cells, 

 fibres, membranes, etc. 



Titho'nia. A name of mythological derivation, 

 from Tithonus, the favorite of Aurora. Nat. 

 Ord. Compositm. 



A small genus of half-hardy annuals, na- 

 tives of Mexico, Central America and Cuba. 

 S. tagetiflora, cultivated for its orange-colored 

 flowers, is easily raised from seeds sown in 

 heat, in spring. 



Toad Flaz. See Linaria. 



Toad-PlovT-er. African. A common name for 

 several species of Stapelia. 



Toad Stools. The common name of various 

 species of Fungi, frequently mistaken for 

 Mushrooms. 



Tobacco. See Nicotiana. 



Toco'ca. A name used by the natives of Gui- 

 ana, and applied to a genus of MelastomacecB, 

 consisting of Brazilian shrubs, whose leaf- 

 stalks have very geiierally attached to them 

 a kind of bladder, divided longitudinally into 

 two compartments. T.,Guianensis is in culti- 

 vation; in its native habitat its fi-uits are 

 edible, and their juice is sometimes uSed as 

 ink. The various Sphwrogynea are Included 

 by some botanists under this genus. 



Todda'lia. From Kaka Toddali, the name of 

 T. aculeaia in Malabar. A small genus of Ru- 

 tacem, confined to the tropics of Asia and 

 Afric3,. T. aculeata is an interesting shmb, 

 widely dispersed' through tropical Asia, and 

 extending as far south as the Mauritius. The 

 fresh bark of the roots is said to be used as a 

 cure for the remittent fever caught in the 

 jungles of the Indian hills. • 'J'hree species 

 have been introduced, which, are readily in- 

 creased bj- cuttings. 



Toddy Falm. A comfnon narrle for Curyota 

 ■urenh. 



Tp'dea. Named in honor of H. J. Tode, of 

 Mecklenlniig, ^n experienced mycologist. A 

 small gciius of Ferns occurring principally in 

 South Afrii^ and New Zealand, having the 



TOM 



capsules of Osmunda, but the habit of Poiifii 

 podkim. They have an erect, sometimes 

 elongated, caudex, and M-pinnate fronds, 

 which, in the group Todea proper, are thick 

 and firm in texture, as in T. barbdra (syn. T. 

 Africana). The group Lepidopteria, all from 

 New Zealand, have pellucid, membranaceous 

 fronds, and are among' the most beautiful 

 dwarf Ferns in cultivation. T. euperba is a 

 magnificent plant with fronds two to four 

 feet in length. They thrive best in a cooL 

 house, facing the north, requiring plenty of 

 shade and moisture, and will even stand a few 

 degrees of frost without injury. 



Tofie'ldia. False Asphodel. Named after Mr. 

 Tqfield, an English botanist of the last cen- 

 tury. Nat. Ord,.Z/iK(tce<». . 



A genus consisting of a few perennial 

 plants, natives of the colder parts of Europe, 

 North America and the regions of the Andes. 

 The three native species have short racemes 

 of whitish flowers, and are found from the 

 pine barrens of New Jersey to Maine, Michi- 

 gan and northward. None of the species have 

 any particular Interest or beauty. 



To'lmiea. Named by Torrey and Gray in honor 

 of Dr. Tolmie, Surgeon of the Hudson's Bay 

 Co. at Puget Sound. Nat. Ord. Saxifragcicem: 

 T. Memieaii, the only described species, is 

 a hardy, herbaceous plant with a perennial 

 rhizome. The rather large, greenish, nod- 

 ding flowers are borne on a slender, elongated 

 i:aceme. It propagates naturally and freely 

 by adventitious buds, produced at the jnnc- 

 tion of the leaf-stalk with the blade, in the 

 manner of Begonias. It is a native of North- 

 west America and has been described uncfer 

 the names of both Tiarella and Beuchera Men- 

 tnesii. 



Tol'pis. Named by Adanson, probably without 

 any meaning. Nat. Ord. CompoaiUB. 



A genus of pretty, hardy, annual or peren- 

 nial plants, natives of the Mediterranean 

 region and the Canary Islands. Several 

 species are in cultivation, and are well suited 

 for the ornamental border, where the seeds 

 can be sown in spring. 



Tolu Balsam Tree. The common name for 

 Myroxylon Toluiferum, which see. 



Tomato. Lycoperaicumeaculemlum. The Tomato 

 was first introduced into England in 1596, 

 and it was for many years grown only as an 

 ornamental plant, or for its medicinal pro- 

 perties. It was then known by the common 

 name of Love Apple. The "Virtues " of the 

 Tomato were described as follows by Parkln- 

 inson in 1629 •, " In hot countries, where they 

 naturally growe, they aie much eaten of the 

 people, to cool and quench the heate and 

 thirst of their hot stomaches. The Apples are 

 also boyled, or infused in oyle in the sunnc!" 

 The Tomato was first used as a vegetable in 

 Italy, and soon after in France and England ; 

 it is, howeverv but comparatively little grown 

 in the open air in England, as their summers 

 are not warm enough to ripen the fruit to 

 anything like perfection ; but it is a favorite 

 fruit tliere grown under glass. The Tomato 

 has not been in general use in this country for 

 more than fifty years, and most of our choice 

 varieties are of jeoent introduction. New 

 varieties, obtained by selection, are offered 

 annually, each one claiming to be SQ£@rior In 



