34 THE SUGAR BEET. 



The beet sugar establishments are mostly situated 

 in the northern portion of France, for example, in the 

 Department du Nord there exist 150, in the Pas de 

 Calais and Aisne 91 in each, while in Tonne, Meuse, 

 ZS'ievre, Loiret, Marne, etc , but 1 in each. The most 

 important arrondissement in the ISTord is Cambrai. 



We know of no better manner of proving the evi- 

 dent progress realized and the general good done to the 

 community than the recalling of a few figures.^ From 

 1826 to 1835 but 9 factories existed in Cambrai, and 

 during the last portion of 1835 the amount of sugar pro- 

 duced was 700,000 kilog., working 14,000,000 kilog. of 

 beets. The pulp and resulting molasses were scarcely 

 utilized, and produced consequently little or no alcohol or 

 meat. The amount of land under cultivation in beets was 

 3(50 hectares,^ and was worth but 3000 francs per hectare. 

 The production of wheat amounted to 400,000 hecto- 

 litres,^ and 18,000 head of cattle were raised. 



In 1875, in this same arrondissement, the number of 

 factories existing was 32 ; in these the motive power 

 was 3248 H. P., using 93,900 tons of coal. As 

 many as seven thousand workmen were employed 

 in 1875-76; the number of kilog. of beets worked 

 was 694,580,000, yielding 38,474,365 kilog. of sugar, 

 173,750,000 kilog. of pulp, sufficient to produce 

 1,700,000 kilog. of meat, besides which 24,525,000 

 kilog. of molasses, yielding 60,000 hectolitres of alco- 



' See Reports of E. Macarez, "fabricants de sucre de 1' arrondissement de 

 Cambrai," Paris Exposition, 1878. 

 ^ Hectare = 2J acres. ' Hectolitre == 26^ gallons. 



