232 THE SUGAR BEET. 



much general confusion by the arrival and weighing of 

 the roots. 



Underground Pipes, Linard's Idea. — In 1867 Mr. 

 Linard, at his establishment at Montcourt, where we 

 had the honor of being received, was the first to give 

 a practical solution to this difficult problem, which ex- 

 ample has been followed by some fifty other factories 

 in France and Belgium, and has in all cases given en- 

 tire satisfaction. The idea consists in having small 

 pipes, through which the juice flows ; this having beeur 

 previously pressed at the farms in small buildings 

 called " rapenes." Leaving aside the first cost of these 

 pipes, this transportation is reduced to a minimum or 

 nearly so. If a slight difference between the elevation 

 of the raperies and the factory should exist, this 

 difierence of level would be sufficient to pei-mit the 

 juice to flow with ease. If, on the contrary,- the factory 

 be more elevated than the raperie, an engine of one 

 or two horse power is sufficient to overcome the fric- 

 tion of the juice in the pipes. At the factory at ^eza- 

 poin this difierence is one hundred yards, and here 

 evidently more power is needed. The juice before 

 leaving the raperies is united with 5 per cent, in 

 volume of lime, having a normal density of 23° B. 

 The importance of this is very great, as it- prevents 

 all fermentation, which would otherwise occur. The 

 velocity is 25 m. (82 feet) to 50 m. (164 feet) per 

 second, the first figure gives better results than the 

 second. 



