84 



June— September, produces vesicular spots on the leaves, but no 

 witches-brooms. 



Betula verrucosa. J. Silkeborg, S. Sonnerup Plantage, Folehaven (R 96 m) ; 

 L. Hardenberg; B. Dynddalen (Neger 06 ^^2), Almindingen. 



174. Taphrina carpini Rostrup, Syll. VIII ''', R 85 a ^^' £. 02 a *'' 

 c. icon., Syn: Exoascus carp. Rostrup 81 a ^^ a 81 c "'=^ Wt. II '°; Avn- 

 b0gens Heksekostsvamp (R 83 d "' & 89 a "). 



June— Sept. It is Rostrup who made the important discovery that 

 most of the witches-brooms on the trees are caused by attacks of some 

 parasitic fungus of this family. It appears from his diaries that he, as 

 early as 1875, closely examined the numerous witches-brooms found 

 on Prunus insititia near his home at Skaarup without succeeding in 

 attaining a definite result; it was not until 1880, when he found nume- 

 rous similar excrescences on Carpinus betulus near Herlufsholm, that 

 he succeeded in proving that all leaves and twigs of the witches-broom 

 were penetrated by a fungus not found outside the same; this put 

 him on the right track, so that soon after he found other similar fungi 

 both in witches-brooms on Prunus, Betula etc. (R 81 a 6^ 91 b ^'"). 



Carpinus betulus. F. Langes0, Ravnholt ! , S. Nerreskov, Frederiksberg Have, 

 Herlufsholm (June 80); L. Guldborg, Stensgaard; Meen Ulfshale; B. Com- 

 mon (R, E. W., Neger). 



175. Taphrina coerulescens (Desm. &. Mont.) Tul., Syll. VIII "", 

 R 02 a "'«, Syn: Exoascus coer. Sadeb. Wt. II ". 



Quercus robur. F. Tiselholt (26/7 91 see R 92 g ^i a 93 a ^°^). 



176. Taphrina ulmi (Fuckel) Johanson, R 91 b ^^^ a 02 a''2^ Syn: 

 Exoascus ulmi Fuckel, Syll. VIII '^'^ Wt. II '\ Exoasc. campester Syll. 

 VIII ''° 



June— Sept. 



Forms rather large, pale spots on the leaves, without, however, chan- 

 ging them. Is most frequently found on suckers. 



Ulmus campestris. F. Broholm. Ulmus montana. J. Krabbesholm Skov!, 

 Silkeborg, Kolding; F. Broholm; S. Lottenborg (^°/6 90), Lerchenborg 1 , B. 

 Allinge (Neger 06). 



177. Taphrina githaginis Rostrup 91 b ^", Syll. X«^ Syn: Magnu- 

 siella gith. (R) Sadeb., Taphridium? gith. (R) Neger 05 '\ 



The mycelium penetrates the whole of the host-plant, and the asci 

 break forth everywhere both on stalks and leaves bursting the epi- 

 dermis. The asci are ellipsoidal, yellowish, 48—58 1^ X 30—45 1^, early 

 filled with numerous conidia so that only among the youngest a few 

 globular spores are found. The conidia are 4—6 1^ X 2—3 t^. The 

 hyphae are 4—6 ^l thick. It does not cause hypertrophy to the host- 



