100 



STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF BIRDS 



Flexor Profundus. — Arises from nearly whole hinder 

 surface of tibia and fibula, and sometimes also by a head' 

 from the outer condyle of femur. 



Flexor Hallucis. — Arises by a single head, or by two 

 heads, from the outer.; condyle of femur and from inter- 

 condylar region. 



The tendons of the two last-described muscles are con- 



FiG. 54. — Gallus ianhiva (after Fig. 55 Apteryx Mantelli (after 



Gabrod). Gaebod). 



nected with each other in various ways, which have been 

 described and illustrated by Mr. Garrod.' In using his 

 figures I accept the seven types admitted by Dr. Gadow." 



(1) In gallinaceous birds, pigeons, parrots, storks, &c., the 

 tendons cross, and are united by a simple vinculum (fig. 54) . 



' ' On the Disposition of the Deep Plantar Tendons in different Birds,' 

 P. Z. 8. 1876, p. 339. 



' In Newton's Dictionary of Bvrds, p. 617. 



