106 STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF BIRDS 



large fleshy digitations arising from the transverse processes, 

 and inserted on to the lateral face of the spinous processes 

 next but one in front. 



Bectus Capitis Anticus Major. — It arises all along the 

 neck from the hypapophyses and from fascia ; about the 

 middle of the neck it grades into the longus colli, from a slip 

 of which it first arises about the level of the seventh vertebra. 

 Its broad fleshy insertion is tendinous on the outside, is 

 fused with its fellow in the middle line, and extends for 

 about a quarter of an inch on the anterior outer edge of the 

 basi-occipital. 



Bectus Capitis Anticus JJfmor.— This is a fleshy broad 

 muscle underlying the preceding. Its origin is fleshy and 

 continuous from first four vertebrse. It has a broad fleshy 

 insertion to the extreme outer posterior face of the ridge 

 behind the meatus auditorius. 



Longus Colli. — It arises from the middle of the centrum 

 of the second dorsal vertebra tendinously, and then by a , 

 series of tendons from each vertebra tip to the overlap of the 

 rectus capitis. It is inserted by a series of slips to the 

 vertebrae in front of its origins. 



Intertuherculares. — These are a series of short muscles 

 forming the deepest layer of the neck musculature. 



Interappendiculares Costarum. — The first arises from the 

 end of the last free rib, and runs backwards and downwards 

 to the lateral anterior process of the sternum ; the second 

 from the junction of the sternal and costal parts of the first 

 complete rib ; it shortly fuses with the third, which arises 

 from the costal part of the next rib. These two are then 

 inserted together. The fourth aris6s from the third, fourth, 

 and fifth costal ribs and from the space between them, and 

 is inserted immediately behind the others. The posterior 

 ones are smaller. 



Intercostales Externi. — These are confined to the whole 

 of the costal part ; the fibres run from above in front and 

 downwards towards the caudal end. 



Intercostales Interni. — These are confined to the lower 

 half of the costal ribs, and are chiefly tendinous. 



