BACTERIA AND THEIR GERMS. 91 
and refilled to the brim with the heated inoculated 
fluid.* The corks or stoppers were at once very 
tightly pressed down so as to leave no air between 
them and the surface of the fluids. The beaker 
was then replaced upon the sand-bath and the gas 
turned on more fully, in order that the experi- 
mental fluid might be rapidly raised to a temperature 
9 F.(5°C.) higher than it had been before. After 
five minutes’ exposure to this temperature other 
bottles were filled in the same manner, and so on 
for the various temperatures the influence of which 
it was ‘desired to test.. 
Thus prepared, the bottles and tubes have been 
exposed during the day to a temperature ranging 
from 65°F to 75°F. And generally one had not to 
wait long in order to ascertain what the results were 
to be. In some cases, if the contents of the vessels 
were to become turbid, this was more or less mani- 
fest after an interval of forty-eight hours; in other 
cases, however, the turbidity manifested itself three 
or more days later: the reason of this difference will 
be fully discussed in a subsequent communication. 
; For the sake of simplicity and. brevity, the ne- 
cessary particulars concerning the 102 experiments 
have been embodied in the following Table :— 
* At this stage, of course, very great care is needed in order to avoid 
all chance of accidental contamination either with living organisms or 
with unheated fragments or particles of organic matter. . 
