HEAT UPON LIVING MATTER. 161 
Lewis* that the germs of tape-worms are invariably 
killed at the temperature of 140°, whilst Professor 
Mantcgazza. has shown that the male reproductive 
particles of frogs are killed by exposure to-a heat 
of 131° So far, therefore, concerning germs, in 
addition to what I have already mentioned about 
Spallanzani’s observations upon the eggs of Insects 
and Batrachia. 
Turning our attention next to adult organisms of 
different kinds or to their elemental parts, the 
following facts may be cited. Pouchett found that 
all kinds of Ciliated Infusoria were certainly killed 
at 131° F., and whilst confirming this observation 
the writer found that a brief exposure to the same 
temperature always sufficed to kill Amoebe, Monads, 
Euglenez, Desmids, Rotifers, Nematoids, and other 
minute aquatic organisms. The writer did not try 
to ascertain what was the lowest temperature which 
would prove fatal to these organisms, though ' this 
has been done by other observers. Spallanzani, for 
instance, ascertained that Ciliated Infusoria, Water- 
fleas, Leeches, Nematoids, and other worm-like 
creatures, all perished at 107-113° F.; whilst Max 
* “Fighth Annual Report of the Sanitary Commissioners with the 
Government of India,” 1871, p. 139. Prof. Pellizzari has also of late 
acrived at similar results (see ‘‘The London Medical Record,” Oct. 
14, 1874, p. 641). 
+ “Nouvelles Expériences,” &c., 1864, p. 33. 
