ABDOMINAL VISCERA. 277 



Iiingua, O0.— Tongue. Mndb., Maudibula. — Mandible, lower jaw. 

 CEs., CBsophagus, az. — Grullet. Omentum majus, az. — Epiploon, 

 great omentum, caul. O. hy., Os hyoides. — Hyoid bone. Ost. 

 dot. Stenon., Ostium ductus Stenouiani. — Moutli or opening of 

 the duct of Stenon, duct of the parotid gland. Ost. dot. Wharton. , 

 Ostium ductus Whartoniani. — Moutli or opening of Wharton's 

 duct, duct of the submaxillary gland. Ovarium. — Ovary. Pili 

 tactiles. — Tactile hairs (see Fig. 105). Pulmo. — Lung. Ren. — 

 Left kidney. Splen, az. — The spleen. Stomachus, az. — The stom- 

 ach. Tnsl., Tonsilla. — Left tonsil. (The tonsils are composed 

 mostly of lymphoid tissue and are abundantly supplied with blood 

 vessels and nerves. The function of the tonsils is not well under- 

 stood ; Quain, A, II, 335). Trachea, az. — Wind-pipe. Urocystis, 

 az. — Urinary bladder. Vibrissse. — Whiskers. Vl. pit.. Velum 

 palati, az. — This is the veil-like or pendulous part of the soft pal- 

 ate ; its caudal margin is free (Fig. 88). 



§ 711. Peritoneum (§ 725). — This is the smooth shining mem- 

 brane lining the abdominal cavity and covering the viscera. It 

 may be separated from the muscular parietes over a small area by 

 using the tracer. 



§ 712. Diaphragma, az. (Fig. 77, § 734). — Grasp the free edge 

 of the cephalic abdominal flaps (Fig. 76) ; draw them upward, and 

 look toward the cephalic end of the abdominal cavity. The dia- 

 phragm will appear as a transverse muscular curtain separating the 

 abdomen from the thorax. 



§ 713. Hepar and Cholecystis, az. — Liver and gall bladder 

 (Fig. 77, §§ 744, 745). — The liver is a deep red, multilobular organ 

 occupying nearly the entire cephalic part of the abdomen, but espe- 

 cially the dextral part. 



The cholecystis is a reservoir for bile ; it usually appears as a 

 greenish sac in one of the lobes. If it does not appear, grasp the 

 caudal margin of the liver and turn it slightly toward the thorax. 

 The cholecyst will appear as a pear-shaped, greenish sac partly 

 imbedded in the substance of the middle lobe. 



§ 714. Stomachus, az. (Fig. 77, 79, § 735). — This is a somewhat 

 pear-shaped organ extending obliquely across the cephalic part of the 

 abdominal cavity. Its larger, cardiac or oesophageal end (Fig. 79) 

 is next the diaphragm and mainly in the left half of the cavity. 

 The small or pyloric end is sharply curved. It is partly covered by 



