98 CICHORIACEAE. 



spatulate, entire, denticulate, sinuate, or pinnatifid. Moist soil; April-June; 

 reported from Woodbury county. 



TRAGOPOGON L. Glabrous biennials, rarely perennials, from long- 

 descending' roots, with elongated-linear, nervose, entire, clasping 1 leaves, and 

 solitary heads of yellow or purple flowers. Involucre simple, of several large 

 equal lanceolate acuminate scales. Pappus plumose. Aehenes narrow, 

 striate, with a long filiform beak. 



T. pratensis L. Onafx-heiti'il. Stem 1-3 feet high, bases of the leaves ex- 

 panded; flowers yellow; peduncle scarcely thickened. Fields; May-June; in- 

 frequent: Dickinson county; reported from Fayette. .Johnson, Jasper, and 

 Story counties. 



T. porrifolius L. Oijuter-ithmt. Flowers violet-purple: peduncle thickened 

 and hollow. Reported from Story county. 



t-flERACIUM L. Hawkwi-kd. Perennials, with alternate leaves, and few 

 to many heads of yellow orange or red lowers. Involucre more or less im- 

 bricated. Pappus tawny, of capillary brislles. Aehenes striate, oblong or 

 cylindrical. 



V\. canadense Mx. Stems 1-3 feet high, leafy, erect, pubescent to nearly 

 smooth, corymbed above; leaves sessile, ovate-oblong to lanceolate, eniire or 

 with u. few remote teeth; involucre regularly imbricated; heads large, many- 

 flowered; pappus of numerous unequal bristles; aehenes brown, cylindrical. 

 Upland woods and prairies; August-September; infrequent; Emmet, Winne- 

 shiek, Fayette. Floyd, Muscatine. Johnson, and Winnebago counties. 



H- scabrum Mx. Rrnujh Hitivlnrcerf. Stem hirsute. 2-3 feet high; leaves 

 obovate to oval, hairy, sessile, nearly entire: heads small, corymbose, many- 

 flowered; involucre scarcely imbricated; pedicles and involucre clothed with 

 dark glandular bristles; aehenes red, cylindrical. Dry upland woods: August: 

 infrequent; Muscatine, Johnson, Appanoose, Decatur, and Ring-gold counties: 

 reported from Fayette and Story counties. 



H- longipilum Torr. Lmiii-heimlal H. Stem 1-4 feet high, clothed with 

 long erect shaggy hairs, leafy below, naked above; leaves oblong-lanceolate 

 or spatulate, entire, sessile, hairy like the stem; heads in a small racemed 

 panie'e; aehenes narrowed at the apex. Prairies; July-August; infrequent: 

 .Muscatine. Decatur, and Taylor counties; reported from Story county. 



h). auremtiacum L. Stem 6-?o inches high, usually leafless, hirsute: 

 basal leaves spatulate or oblong, entire or denticulate: flowers orange or red. 

 Waste places: reported from Story county. 



PRENANThES Ij. Perennials, with alternate leaves, and racemose-pani- 

 culate mostly nodding heads. Involucre cylindrical; scales linear, several, in 

 one row. with «, few bractlets at the base. Receptacle naked. Pappus of 

 rough capillary bristles, brownish or straw color, copious. Aehenes not 

 beaked, linear-oblong, striate. 



* Bmcts i)f the iiirnltirrc Itii'mttc-pultcwiii. 



P. aspera Mx. Stem :.'-4 feet high, rough-pubescent to smoothish; leaves 

 oval-oblong or lanceolate, dentate to nearly entire, sessile, not clasping: 

 heads mostly erect, in small clusters, disposed in a long thyrsus; flowers yel- 

 lowish cream-color. Upland woods and prairies: August-Septeirber: infre- 

 quent; Scott, Emmet. Decatur, and Ringgold counties; reported from Fay- 

 ette, Muscatine, and Story comities. ( A'ii/jii/iix f«/«r (Mx.) T. & G ) 



P. racemosus Mx, Stem :i-4 feet high, simple, smooth, glaucous: leaves 

 oval or oblong-lanceolate, smooth, denticulate, lower tapering to winged 



