Hardy Exotic Plants for Naturalization. 8i 



summer to autumn ; seed or division. — Banks, rocky 

 ground, or on fringes of copses or woods. 



Drooping Alfredia. Alfredia cemua. Siberia. Her- 

 baceous perennial ; 3 to 5 feet ; yellow ; summer ; seed or 

 division. Grouped with the stoutest and most vigorous 

 herbaceous plants in wild places. 



Ulyrian Cotton Thistle. Onopordum illyricum. 

 Southern Europe. Biennial ; 6 to 8 feet ; purplish j 

 summer ; seed. — Shrubberies, copses, or glades in 

 woods. 



French Artichoke. Cynara Scolymus. Southern 

 Europe. Herbaceous perennial ; 4 to 8 feet ; purplish ; 

 summer ; seed or division. — In glades near wood walks, 

 or sloping ground, in dry deep soil. Most effective 

 as isolated plants, though always very striking. 



Babylonian Knapweed. Centaurea babylonka. Le- 

 vant. Herbaceous perennial ; 5 to 10 feet ; yellow ; sum- 

 mer ; seed or division. — Associated with the most vigo- 

 rous herbs, by wood walks, in any soil. 



White-leaved Knapweed. Centaurea dealbata. Cau- 

 casus. Herbaceous perennial ; 2 to 3 feet ; purplish ; 

 summer ; seed or division. — Fringes of shrubberies and 

 on banks, in ordinary soil. 



Mountain Knapweed. Centaurea montana. Austria. 

 Herbaceous perennial ; 2 to 3 feet ; blue ; summer ; seed 

 or division. — Similar positions to the preceding. 



One-flowered Knapweed. Centaurea uniflora. South- 

 ern Europe. Herbaceous perennial ; i to 2 feet ; purple ; 

 summer and autumn ; seed or division. — Rocky places 

 and banks. A handsome mountain plant. 



Hungarian Globe Thistle. Echincfs hannaticus, 

 G 



