248 



plajVT life. 



pollen spores sift out through the pore so formed (fig. 264) ; 

 or (2) a crack begins at one jioint and extends lengthwise of 

 the sporangium, in which case the anther is said to open by 

 slits (figs, 259, 260, 261) ; or (3) the break occurs along a 

 line considerably curved, and the flap (vahx-) thus loosened 

 curls up or lifts so as to allow the escape of the spores (fig. 

 265). All three methods are dependent Ujion some .special 



r /^ 



Fig, 265. 



Fir,, 264, — Antlier and pollen of a RJiodoih-Jtdran . A. t!ie anther, opening by pores at 

 the end and allowing the pollen to escape. Magnified S diani. A", pollen grains ad- 

 herent in fours (tetrads) as formed in the motlier cells ; the tetrads are held togetlier by 

 a sticky material which draws out into cobwebby threads as they are separated. J\Iag- 

 mfied 50 diani.— After Kerner, 



Ftg. 265, — A flower of cinnamon, hah'ed. The calyx; and stamens are raised on a cup 

 developed around the pistil. The anthers open b}' uplifted \alves, one fm- each sjio- 

 rangium, which here are arranged in two stories instead of in pairs side by side. Mag- 

 nified about 7 diam. — After Luersseii, 



structure of the wall of the s})orangiiiin at the lines of ruj^- 

 ture. 



349. Union. — The stamens are not infrequeiith- united 

 with each other (.)r witli some of llie neiL^hliorini; lea\'es of 

 the flower. 'rhe\' may he uniled to k^-m^x olher li\' their hla- 



