376 APPENDIX. 



3. The pulverulent appearance on the younger leaves, due to 



spores, 



4. Demonstration. Scrape a bit of the mycelium from the sur- 

 face of the leaf after moistening it for a few minutes with a 5 !? 

 solution of potassic hydrate. Mount and show (a) the colorless 

 branching hyphae ; (/;) the erect branches bearing the spores ; (ir) 

 the spores. 



7. Examine as before one of the older leaves. Observe the 

 yellowish dots scattered over the mycelium, the immature /"/-/aVj. 

 (IT 401, fig. 337-) Associated with these the black mature fruits. 

 These contain sporangia with spores. (T| 317, fig. 223.) 



8. Demonstration. Mount and crush under cover glass some 

 mature fruits ; show the sporangia [asci) and their contained 

 spores. (Fig. 224.) 



D. CUP-FUNGUS iPeziza sp.). 



1. The mycelium penetrates the earth or rotting wood on which 

 the fructification appears and cannot be dissected out. Only the 

 reproductive parts {T[ 317) are to be examined. Observe the size, 

 shape, and color of the cup. The red and orange cups usually 

 lose their color in preserved specimens. 



Cut a thin section from a piece of the cup at right angles to 

 inner surface. Mount. Observe 



2. The dense upper layer of parallel hyphc-e {hvmeniinn), with 

 rows of black specks. The latter are the spores in the long 

 parallel sporangia {asii\. (IT 317, fig. 222.) 



3. The lower layer, less dense, of tangled hyphas. 



4. Dfmonslration. In a very thin vertical section show (iz) the 

 hymenium, with paraphyses, asci, and ascospores ; (/') the looser 

 lower layers of interwoven h'yphfe. 



E. LICHEN (Physeia stellaris). 



Soften the plants by soaking them in water for a few minutes. 

 Observe 



1. The mycelium, forming a connected leaf-like lobed thallus. 

 Compare as many other forms as are available. (*f^ 54<7, fig. 225.) 



2. Compare the color when dry and wet. In the latter condi- 

 tion, the mycelium is more translucent and the imprisoned green 

 algEE show through m(jre plainly. (Figs. 55, 377.) 



3. The tufts of hypha; extending from lower surface to bark 

 the holdfasts or rhizines. 



