SSz MAMMALS. 



Dendrohyrax living on trees in W. and S. Africa. The 

 species of both genera are able to climb on the smooth 

 surfaces of rocks or trees. 



The upper incisors have persistent pulps and are curved 

 as in Rodents, but they are sharply pointed, not chisel-edged. 

 The outer lower incisors (?) are straight and have trilobed 

 crowns. There are, according to most authorities, no 

 canines, and there is a wide space between incisors and 

 premolars. The back teeth are very uniform and like those 

 of Perissodactyla. The formula is Mti. 

 I In the fore-feet, the thumb is rudimentary, the little finger 

 is smaller than the median three, which are almost equal. 

 In the hind-feet, which are like miniatures of those of the 

 rhinoceros, the hallux is absent, and the fifth toe is rudi- 

 mentary. There are no clavicles. The tail is very short. 



The brain is like that of Ungulates. The stomach is 

 divided into two parts by a constriction. In addition to the 

 short but broad caecum, there are two supplemental caeca 

 lower down on the intestines. The testes are abdominal. 

 Of the mammae, four are on the groin and two are axillary. 

 The placenta is zonary as in the Proboscidea and Carnivora, 

 No extinct forms are known. 



Sub-Order Proboscidea. 



This sub-order is now represented by two species of 

 elephant {Elephas). They occupy a somewhat isolated 

 position, though distinctly Ungulates. As regards skull, 

 proboscis, and teeth they are highly specialised, but their 

 limbs are of a generalised type. 



The elephants are confined to the Ethiopian and Oriental 

 regions. They feed on leaves, young branches, and herbage. 

 By means of the mobile proboscis they gather their food, 

 and they drink by filling the proboscis and then ejecting the 

 water into the mouth. 



The proboscis is a muscular extension of the nose, and 

 bears the nostrils at its tip. 



The skin is strong and the hair somewhat scanty. 



In the limbs, radius and ulna, tibia and fibula, are quite 

 distinct ; the radius and ulna are fixed in a crossed position ; 



