118 WATSIDE WEEDS, 



the marsh violet. The base of the leaf, likewise, 

 has many forms; and thus, according to margin, 

 including both base and apex, we get the diversified 

 shapes of foliage, which not only vary so much in 

 different species, but are even so modified in the 

 leaves of the same tree, 



" That two were never found 

 Twins at all points." 



Thus the leaf of the black bryony (Fig. 76) is aptly 

 described as heart-shaped from its base, acute from 

 its apex, and with an entire margin ;* that of the 

 lime (Fig. 61) as less distinctly heart-shaped, but 

 with serrated margin. The leaf of the plantain 

 (Fig. 52) is a broad ovate; and each individual leaf 

 of the woodruff (Pig. 45) is lanceolate, or lancet- 

 shaped, but approaching the linear, or hne-shaped, 

 leaf which we see in the harebell (Fig. 47), or in 

 the grass (Fig. 56). 



Each leaflet of the rose (Fig. 73) is ovate, acute, 

 and serrated; "of the vetch (Fig. 34) ovate and 

 entire. In the leaf of the poppy (Fig, 78) we find 

 the cutting so deep tha,t it almost approaches the 

 compound leaf, and the same occurs in the leaf of 

 the ragwort (Fig, 44), in which also we see the 

 example of the lyrate leaf, which is, however, still 



* The black bryony, a very common wayside weed in England, 

 found twining among the hedges, is an exception to the rale of 

 netted and straight-veined leaves. It belongs, in everything but its 

 leaves, to the straight- veined section of the vegetable world. 



