LUTHER BURBANK 



driven into these slits with a small mallet. Strong 

 cords are then bound around the stock to help 

 keep the grafts in place until they have united 

 with the stock, when they may be cut to give room 

 for further growth. 



All cut surfaces should be careftilly waxed as 

 in ordinary cleft grafting. 



It is well to tie ordinary grocery sacks over the 

 grafts, covering the stock as far down as it has 

 been cut. These are allowed to remain until the 

 buds have made a good start when they may be 

 torn open and finally removed. 



In making all grafts, care must be exercised in 

 getting the cuts on cions and stocks smooth, so 

 that the parts may fit closely together. In the 

 cutting of each side, a single bold clear cut is 

 better than whittling and trimming. 



The "tongue" or "whip" graft is used in making 

 bench (i. e., indoor) grafts and sometimes in "top 

 grafting" trees. Top grafting consists in placing 

 grafts on the various branches of a tree in order 

 to change it over to the new variety. The tongue 

 graft differs from the cleft graft in that there is 

 a cleft and wedge on both cion and stock. These 

 interlock when closely pressed together as shown 

 in the accompanying picture. This mode of 

 grafting is seldom used except on limbs less than 

 one-half inch in diameter. It is very difficult to 



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