124 MORPHOLOGY 



on the surface of the water. The sessile fetnale flowers, 

 one or two in number within a tubular spathe, have 

 their ovary produced beyond the spathe into a filiform 

 beak ending in three filiform fimbriate stigmas which 

 float on the surface. The anthers of the floating male 

 flowers open elastically, dusting the fimbriate stigmas 

 of the female flowers that happen to be floating near 

 them. Lagarosiphon Roxburghii (rasna-jhangi) is 

 also a common submerged dioecious water-pollinated 

 weed with the ovary, style, and stigma somewhat like 

 those of Hydrilla. , 



CHAPTER XVII 



ENTOMOPHILOUS FLOWERS 



Entomophilous flowers may be grouped into nine 

 classes, namely: (i) pollen flowers, (2) flowers with 

 exposed nectar, (3) flowers with partially-concealed 

 nectar, (4) flowers with completely-concealed nectar, 

 (5) social flowers with concealed nectar, (6) bee-flowers, 

 (7) butterfly- and moth-flowers, (8) pitfall flowers, and. 

 (9) pinch-trap flowers. 



I. Pollen Flowers. — These offer only pollen to 

 their visitors and are all very simple and regular in 

 form (actinomorphic), with abundant pollen freely 

 exposed, as Papaver (Poppy), ^rgemone (shial-kanta) 

 (fig. 109), Magnolia (a kind of champa), Michelia 

 (champa), Anona (ata), Solanum (begoon, &c.), Hy- 

 pericum., &c. The five chief floral colours — namely, 

 white, yellow, red, violet, and blue — are represented 

 in them. The visitors of white, yellow, and red 

 pollen-flowers are chiefly bees and hover-flies with a 



