230 CLASSIFICATION 



Carpels connate in an inferior usually 2-celled ovary, 

 sometimes up to lo-celled; ovules i or more in each 

 cell. Fruit a 2- to lo-celled berry, drupe, or capsule. 

 Seeds with horny or fleshy albumen. 



Common plants of this tropical or subtropical Order: 

 kadamba {Anthocephalus Cadamba), a large tree 

 generally planted for its big globose heads of flowers ; 

 keli-kadamba (^ fi?ma cordifolid); khet-pabrha {Olden- 

 landia corymbosa), a common weed in rice-fields, used 

 by kavlrajes (Indian physicians) as a 

 febrifuge; gandha-raj {Gardenia fiorida 

 and G. latifolia); rangan {Ixora parvi- 

 folia and /. coccinea), common orna- 

 mental garden shrubs; moyna {Van- 

 gueria spinosa), a highly spinous tree ; 

 gandha-bhadali or gandhal {Pcederia 

 foetida), a foetid slender twining shrub, 

 the leaves of which when cooked form 

 Fig. .99.— Vertical SL good stomachic ; munjishtha {Rubia 

 lltr °^ ^'""""^ °* cordifolia), the roots and branches of 

 which yield a red dye by the name of 

 munjishtha (fig. 199). This is a good example of 

 how, by the foliaceous growth of interpetiolar stipules, 

 opposite leaves become whorled ; of the four leaves in 

 a whorl, the stipular ones have shorter and smaller 

 blades. Randia uliginosa is a small tree with dimor- 

 phic flowers; Chasalia curvifiora, a small shrub of the 

 Khasi Hills, has also dimorphic flowers, one form 

 with stamens exserted and stigmas included, the other 

 with these positions reversed. A species of Mus- 

 scenda grown in our gardens is well known for one 

 of its sepals developing into a large petaloid white 

 leaf. Adenosacme longifolia is a shrub of East 

 Bengal and the Khasi Hills, with di- or trimorphic 

 flowers. Among economic plants of great value are 



