18 



SPORES AND THALLIDIA. 



becomes a sporangium. The increase in weight of the sporangium causes the 

 filiform stalk to bend; the sporangium bursts, and the spores, together with the 

 clear fluid in which they are suspended, issue through the rent in the sporangium 



(c/. fig. 193 1). 



In the Moulds of the family of the Mucorini the sporangia are for the most part 



Fig. 193.— Moulds. 



1 Uucor Mucedo; x 40. 2 Longitudinal section of a sporangium of JUucor Miicedo; x 260. s Ifruit-formation in Mumr Muceio; 

 X 180. * Aspergillus niger; x 30. ^ Longitudinal section of a sporophore of Aspergillus niger. ^ Fructiflcation of PenieU- 

 lium crustaceum (after Brefeld). " Fruit-formation in Aspergillus (after £idam). » PenicUlium crustaceum ; x 40. 

 9 Sporophore of Penicilliuni crustaceum ; x 200. 



closely crowded together, but they are never walled in by a tissue or surrounded 

 by any particular envelope. They are, moreover, always separate, and have the 

 appearance of a miniature plantation. A diflTerent state of affairs is found in that 

 group of Fungi known as the Ascomycetes, a group which includes, amongst well- 



