33 



is for scale, aphis, bud moth, and also for certain fungous 

 diseases. Unless buds are well broken and tips of leaves 

 showing when this spray is made, omit arsenate of lead. 



Second Spraying. ■ — Just before the blossoms open. Lime- 

 sulfur 1 gallon, 40 per cent nicotine sulfate, three-eighths of 

 a pint, arsenate of lead paste 3 to 5 pounds, or powder 1^ to 

 2§ pounds, water, 50 gallons. There is some experimental 

 evidence to show that 5 to 10 pounds of lime, slaked and 

 added to each 50-gallon cask of spray containing lime-sulfur 

 and arsenate of lead, will prevent the burning of foliage which 

 sometimes follows the use of this combination. It is at least 

 worth trying. This spraying is for bud moth, tent cater- 

 pillar, browntail moth, curculio, aphis, red bug and scab. 



Third Spraying. — Within a week after the petals fall. 

 Warm weather shortens and cool weather lengthens this period. 

 Same as second spraying. This spraying is especially for cod- 

 ling moth, curculio, apple scab, red bug, gypsy moth and 

 aphis. 



Fourth Spraying. — About four weeks later. Same materials 

 as the third, omitting nicotine. Especially important for cod- 

 ling moth, lesser apple worm, scab, gypsy moth, sooty fungus 

 of apples, etc. 



The relative importance of these different sprayings will 

 vary with different orchards. Some may be omitted alto- 

 gether in certain sections. There are few localities, however, 

 where the second and third will not give excellent returns on 

 the cost of applying. 



In some sections of the State injury to the foliage has re- 

 sulted from spraying with the combination of lime-sulfur and 

 arsenate of lead. In similar climates this difficulty has 

 been avoided by substituting ' Bordeaux mixture for com- 

 mercial lime-sulfur in the second spray in the above pro- 

 gram, and self-boiled lime-sulfur for the commercial in any 

 later applications. This has worked out well in New Jersey, 

 Nova Scotia and elsewhere, and is certainly worthy of trial 

 here. 



Of course one may be confronted by special problems, like 

 an acute attack of canker worms or a scourge of apple aphis, 

 in which case a specialist should be consulted. But for all 



