80 



analysis would indicate that they should be less effective than 

 the other. Still, many reports of success with them have ap- 

 peared, and while sufficient time since their being put on the 

 market has not yet elapsed to permit a final verdict as to 

 their actual value, it would at the present time seem probable 

 that some of them at least may have come to stay. The 

 writer does not care to advise either in favor of or against 

 their use as yet, believing that they are still in more or less of 

 an experimental stage. 



Whatever the material used, the spraying should be done 

 with a nozzle throwing the spray in the form of a very fine 

 mist, and the purpose be to reach every part of each limb, 

 branch and twig, but stopping the treatment of each part just 

 before it would begin to drip, as every drop thus lost means 

 so much less to do its work on the tree. If spraying must be 

 done on windy days, it may be impossible to reach the lee- 

 ward side of the trees. In that case, the trees can be ''patched 

 up" on their unsprayed sides when the wind is blowing in the 

 opposite direction, or on calm days or mornings before the 

 wind starts blowing. The scales are so small that only the 

 most thorough work will reach them all, and only those reached 

 by the spray will be killed, for after once settling down and 

 forming its scale the insect never moves again. 

 ' All of the scale insects considered above are sometimes found 

 on the leaves and also on the fruit of trees, particularly when 

 the trees are heavily infested. 



Insects attacking the Buds and Leaves. 

 Apple Plant Lice or Aphids. 



There are three kinds of aphids which attack the apple in 

 the Eastern States, but only two of them appear to be of 

 much importance in Massachusetts. These are the green 

 apple aphid and the rosy apple aphid. 



The green apple aphid lays tiny shining black eggs on the 

 smaller twigs of the tree in the fall. These hatch about the 

 time the buds begin to open in the spring, and the young 

 aphids suck the sap from these buds and check their growth, 

 often seriously. As the leaves develop the insects feed on 



