no 



concentrate by a Beaume hydrometer and consulting the dilu- 

 tion table referred to under the heading " San Jose Scale." 



Miscible Oils. — There are a number of these oils on the 

 market under trade names. As their composition is more or 

 less secret and probably differs with the different brands, dilu- 

 tion should be according to directions given by the manu- 

 facturers. 



Dry Sulfur Compounds. — So little is known of these as yet 

 that all which can be said of them is to follow the directions 

 accompanying them as to mixing with water. Their possible 

 merits and other points about them are considered under the 

 heading " San Jose Scale." 



' Fungicides. 



Lime-sulfur Solution. — Lime-sulfur has proved to be an 

 efficient and effective apple fungicide in western Massachusetts 

 and for that section it is at present recommended above all 

 others. 



It is usually more convenient to buy the concentrated solu- 

 tion than to prepare it. A number of reliable brands are on 

 the market. Those sold under a guarantee of 32 to 34 degrees 

 Beaume te^t may safely be used for spraying fruit trees. The 

 directions furnished by manufacturers for the dilution of their 

 own products can usually be relied upon. The usual dilutions 

 are 1 gallon to 8 or 9 gallons of water for winter spraying, and 1 

 or Ij gallons to 50 gallons of water for summer treatment. It 

 should be used as soon as possible after diluting and not be 

 allowed to stand over night, if this can be avoided. If this, or 

 the concentrate, must be left open, pour a very little kerosene 

 on the surface to keep air away from it as much as possible. 



Bordeaux Mixture. — Bordeaux mixture is sometimes used 

 for spraying fruit trees, but it is not recommended for this 

 purpose by the writers because of the severe burning of fruit 

 and foliage which it is likely to produce. In a dry May it 

 may not cause serious injury, but one cannot predict what the 

 weather conditions will be, and the risk incurred in applying 

 copper mixtures to the apple is too great to be worth trying. 

 It is probably true that this material is the most effective 



