60 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 



Creek, at Deardoff's Mill, in the valleys of the Nimishillen and Sandy, 

 near Bandy ville, in the bed of the Tuscarawas, below Zoar, and. at Zoar 

 Station, the lower limestone may be distinctly seen. At Zoar Station, 

 an arch in the strata raises this limestone higher than in any other 

 locality in the county. It is visible just at the station, and at the point 

 where the railroad strikes the river. In this section Coal No. 3 is not 

 more than eighteen inches in thickness, and no where in the county, so 

 far as I know, is it workable. At the Dover salt well the lower lime- 

 stone was struck somewhat below the river, and at Trenton it is said to 

 occur in the river bottom, with a thin seam of cannel beneath it. 



Coal No. 3a. 



At Zoar Station, where a rock cutting was made along the river side 

 to form a track for the railroad, the upper, or Putnam Hill limestone, is 

 seen just at the top of the cut, with a coal seam two feet in thickness 

 below it. Beneath the fire clay of this seam lies a heavy bed of sand- 

 stone ; under this, in some places, four or five feet of shale, then a coal 

 seam three feet in thickness, fire-clay and shale to the lower, or Zoar 

 limestone. The coal seam best exposed here is No. 3a. It lies just at 

 the grade of the road, and was opened for a hundred yards in the excava- 

 tion to which I have referred. Thence to Dover it runs nearly with the 

 railroad level, and its outcrop may be seen at a number of localities. Its 

 maximum thickness is about three feet'; its quality poor, from its soft- 

 ness and the quantity of sulphur it contains. This is a local seam, not 

 found much further north or west. It is, however, possibly the margin 

 of a coal seam which has its greatest development south and east, where 

 it is deeply buried beneath overljdng rocks. 



Coal No. 4. 



This is the "upper limestone coal," and generally lies immediately 

 beneath the Putnam Hill or gray limestone. In Tuscarawas county it 

 is of comparatively little economic value, but it lies at such a level as to 

 be of great importance as a guide in searching for the upper coals. As 

 the dip of all the rocks in the county is southward, nearly with the 

 draining streams, it happens that the gray limestone lies at about the 

 same relative level, just above drainage, in the Tuscarawas valley, all 

 the way from the north-eastern to the south-western corner of the county. 

 Hence, in all the hills bordering the main valley or its tributaries, it is 

 generally easy to fix the place in the series of any stratum of coal exposed 

 by referring it to the Putnam Hill limestone, and to Coal No. 4, as a 

 known base. 



