78 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 



here is five feet in thickness, with three feet of mountain ore over it. 

 On the farm of Hugh Kelley an outcrop of the blackband, thin and 

 near the surface, is seen. 



The most 'important deposits of blackband ore in the county are in the 

 townships of Auburn, Bucks, Salem, and Oxford. Of these, the first four 

 lie on the highlands west of the Tuscarawas, and are drained by Sugar 

 Creek, Stone Creek, and Oldtown and Buckhorn Creeks. Here the land 

 in some places rises to the height of one hundred and twenty-five feet 

 above the blackband horizon, and quite a number of more or less exten- 

 sive basins, or patches of ore, are known to exist, some of which have 

 been worked for twelve or fifteen years. The most important deposit 

 seems to be that of Mr. A. Wilhelmi, in section 24, Auburn township, 

 where the ore has been taken from seven or eight acres, and thirty or 

 more acres still remain. This constitutes perhaps the largest continuous 

 deposit yet known. The average thickness of the ore here is from five 

 and one-half to six feet, though a maximum thickness of eleven feet of 

 good ore has been met with in the workings. 



A section which I took at Wilhelmi's bank, is as follows : 



FT. 



1. Shale and sandstone 125 



2. Fine black shale 1-3 



3. Blackband ore 9 



4. Coal No. 7 2 



5. Fire-clay .^ 1 



6. Slope, covered, mostly shale 95 



7. Coal No. 6 , 3 



8. Fire-clay and shale to creek 15 



At another opening the section exposed is — 



FT. 



1. Shale 15 



2. Mountain ore 2-2J 



3. Blackband ore 2^ 



4. Coal H 



Here the mountain ore is seen to run out to an edge. 



There are several limited deposits of blackband in the vicinity of Wil- 

 helmi's mine, and between that point and New Philadelphia, belonging 

 to Gabriel ShuU, U. Shaw, and others. A large amount of ore has been 

 taken from Wilhelmi's mine, for the most part manufactured in Massillon,. 

 and has been proved to be of excellent quality. Its composition in the 

 natural state is given in the tables below. Like all blackband ore, it is 

 calcined with great facility, scarcely requiring any other fuel than that 

 contained in itself. When so calcined, on an average two tons of ore 

 will make a ton of iron which closely resembles Scotch pig, is used for 

 the same purposes, and is equally esteemed. 



