COLUMBIANA COUNTY. 91 



cultivation of fruit, and in the northern and eastern portions many 

 thousands of acres are occupied with orchards of peach and apple trees, 

 of which the abundant yield finds a ready market among the inhabit- 

 ants of the more northern counties. 



The highest lands in Columbiana county are found in the north-western 

 corner, where the summit of the great divide is reached. The drainage 

 from this district is — west into the Tuscarawas by the Sandy, north 

 through the branches of the Mahoning, and south to the Ohio by the 

 Little Beaver and Yellow Creek. In this region many of the hill-tops 

 rise to the height of more than seven hundred feet above Lake Erie. 

 The highest point in Columbiana county, measured by the Geological 

 Corps, is "Round Knob," in Madison township. This, as indicated b^a 

 a single observation with the aneroid barometer, is eight hundred and 

 forty-four feet above Lake Erie, and seven hundred and fifty-four feet 

 above the Ohio at Wellsville, the lowest point in the county. The 

 diversity of level which is exhibited in the county will be seen from the 

 following table: 



* Altitudes in Columbiana Countt. 



FT. 



Eound Knob (above Lake Erie) 844 



Wellsville " 115 



Liverpool " 120 



Salineville " 306 



Yellow Creek Summit " 543 



SandySammit '' 612 



Mahoning Summit " 627 



Salem " 620 



Leetonia E. E. crossing " 440 



Columbiana " '. ,... 555 



Palestine " 455 



New Lisbon " 393 



GEOLOGICAL STBUCTURE. 



The rocks which immediately underlie the surface in Columbiana 

 county are all portions of the Carboniferous system, and include not only 

 the entire group of the lower Coal Measures, but, in the high lands, some 

 portion of the Barren Measures. 



The dip of all the rocks of the county is toward the south-east, about 

 with the flow of the streams in the lower half of their courses. Hence 

 in the valley of the Little Beaver, between New Lisbon and Glasgow, 

 although the fall of the stream is three hundred and two feet, the strata 

 exposed are the same all the way, and, with occasional waves, by which 

 they are raised or depressed, they hold nearly the same relative level. 



