108 COLUMBIANA COUNTY. 



At the quarry of Mathers & Zippernick, one mile above New Lisbon, 



the following section is exposed : 



FT. rs. 



1. The ■white limestone - 4 



2. Shale 6 



3. Coal (local) 1 



4. Shale 30 



5. Sandstone 50 



6. Darkshale -■ 35 



7. Iron ore 8 



8. CoalNo.4 8 



9. Darkshale : 30 



10. Limestone 3 



U. CoalNo.3 3 



12. Fire-clay 5-« 



The sandstone in the above section lies in massive layers, and varies 

 in color from a very light gray, almost white, to a reddish brown. It is 

 somewhat coarse in texture, but is an excellent building stone, and has 

 supplied the material of which the new and handsome court house at 

 New Lisbon has been constructed. 



At New Lisbon quite an industry has sprung up in the manufacture of 

 fire-brick and hydraulic cement. The materials employed in these man: 

 ufactures are derived from two horizons — first, the clay beneath Coal No. 

 3, which is used for fire-brick at the works above New Lisbon; second, 

 the fire-clay and hydraulic limestone beneath Coal No. 5, in the vicinity 

 of the town and below. Of these clays, the first has the ordinary plastic 

 character; the second is non-plastic. Analyses of both these clays will 

 be found in the tables at the end of this report — the plastic clay from the 

 land of Mr. Robbins, the other from that of Daniel Harbaugh. The lat- 

 ter belongs to the group of clays usually termed hard clays, such as the 

 Mt. Savage, Hawes's Clay, Mineral Point, Cambria county, Pennsylvania, 

 the clay of Kier Brothers, Salina, Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, 

 the clay of Sciotoville and of Mineral Point, Ohio, and seems to occupy 

 the precise geological position of the latter. All this class of clays are 

 peculiarly adapted to the manufacture of fire-brick. The New Lisbon 

 clay will compare favorably in quality with most of those cited above, 

 and the brick made from it by the Eagle Fire-brick Company has an ex- 

 cellent reputation. 



' Salt is also to be reckoned among the products of this portion of Colum- 

 biana county. Brine «f fair strength has been obtained in several wells, 

 but only one is now pumped — that at the Young America Salt Works, 

 where from thirty to forty barrels of salt are produced per day. In 

 former times a large amount of salt was made in the valley of the Little 



