COLUMBIANA COUNTY, 121 



VT. IN. 



1. Gray shale 20 



2. CoalNo.7 3 



3. Fire-clay 3 



4. Shale and sandstoue 47 



5. CoalNo.6 3 6 



6. Fire-clay 3 



7. Limestone, reported 3 



8. Shale 45 o 



9. Canuel coal 8 



10. Gray and black shale 15 



11. Bituminous coal (Hartford seam) 2 6 



12. Fire-clay 2 



13. Gray and black shale, and covered to Bull Creek 80 



At Achor the cannel is about eleven feet in thickness. It crops out at 

 various places between Achor and Darlington, and is in the interval seen 

 to vary much in thickness, and in some localities to be replaced by bitum- 

 inous coal. At Darlington the interval between the cannel and Coal No. 

 6 is nearly one hundred feet, and a thin seam of bituminous coal is found 

 in it. 



Such a difference in the relative positions of these coal-beds might lead 

 to the supposition that there were two seams of cannel in this region. 

 This can not, perhaps, be settled without more extended observations, 

 but the probabilities would now seem to be that the Achor and Darling- 

 ton cannels are identical, and that the variation in the interval which 

 separates this from Coal No. 6 is only another exhibition of the want of 

 parallelism in coal seams, so frequently shown in other parts of the State. 



The coal next below this cannel at Achor is that known in the vicinity 

 as the Hartford seam. It varies in thickness, in different localities, from 

 two to three feet. It is generally of excellent quality, hard, bright, 

 open- burning, and pure. This coal is also found on the lands of Jeremiah 

 Booth and W. H. Knight in Middleton township. 



The relations of the Achor cannel and the Hartford seam to the coals 

 of the central and western portions of the county are not yet definitely 

 determined. I formerly supposed it probable that the cannel of Darling' 

 ton and Columbiana county was the equivalent of the cannel of Mahon- 

 ing; and, judging from the section given by Prof. Lesley, in his Manual 

 of Coal, that both represented the Kittanningof Pennsylvania; but-later 

 observations have thrown considerable doubt on this identification. 

 Whether the Darlington cannel is the Kittanning coal, as stated by Prof. 

 Lesley, I will not pretend to decide, as this is a question that more par- 

 ticularly concerns the geologists of Pennsylvania. I am inclined to 

 think, however, that the Darlington and Achor cannel is not the equiva- 

 lent of the Leetonia coal, which is so prone to assume a cannel character 



