338 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 



this Conglomerate forms a comparatively narrow, tortuous belt, appar- 

 ently marking an old shore line. The following noted exposures of the 

 Waverly illustrate this fact. Ascending the hills on the road from Mt. 

 Vernon towards Martinsburg, the broken outcrop of the Waverly may 

 be seen on a level with the railroad, and may be found at all elevations 

 on the slopes of the hills to the height of three hundred feet. Through- 

 out this thickness it consists of thin layers constituting the ordinary 

 olive shales. The same thing is seen in ascending the hills between 

 Mt. Vernon and Amity. If the Waverly Conglomerate extends to this 

 part of the county it must dip to the west below the valleys; and in 

 that case the hills would all be capped by the Coal Measure rocks. They 

 are, however, Waverly to the top. From thirty to forty feet of this 

 Conglomerate is exposed in the bluffs of the new channel of Owl Creek, 

 below Millwood, the top being ninety-five feet below Gambier. Three- 

 fourths of a mile south-west of Brownsville the top of the Conglomerate 

 is fifty-five feet above Gambier. It is here full of pebbles, and contains 

 much iron. At Brownsville the Waverly is quarried, and furnishes 

 hard, coarse rock, full of pebbles, but more fissile than the ordinary Con- 

 glomerate. The stream west of Brownsville, at an elevation of five feet 

 above Gambier, cuts through the Waverly Conglomerate, which rises to 

 an elevation in the hills not easily determined ; the general level of the 

 surface west is two hundred and forty- five feet above this stream. East 

 of North Liberty the top of the highest hills is capped with a coarse, 

 cherty Conglomerate, containing much iron, the base of which is two 

 hundred aod forty-five feet above the Waverly Conglomerate, near Browns- 

 ville. This is an outlying mass of the true Carboniferous Conglomerate 

 with the olive shales below it. The descent from the base of this rock 

 to Frederick is two hundred and eighty feet. Here Owl Creek has cut a 

 new channel through a spur of the Waverly, but the Waverly Conglom- 

 erate is not exposed, nor is it on the western slope from North Liberty. 

 At A. K. Folb's quarry, in Monroe township, one and a half miles north- 

 east of Gambier, and forty feet below it, the Waverly affords large quan- 

 tities of good stone, though much stripping is required. Many of the 

 layers are thin and much broken. The heaviest layers are about three 

 feet thick, all fine-grained, most of them yellow, but some blue, with a 

 sharp grit, and resembling the Berea. The ordinary shells and crinoids 

 of the Waverly are here abundant. At Critchfield's quarry, Howard 

 township, about two miles east of Howard station, and fifty feet below, a 

 face of twenty feet of the rock is exposed, much of it in thick layers, 

 coarse, with some pebbles, faintly colored like the Mansfield rock, but 

 generally yellow. This is the horizon of the Waverly Conglomerate, 



