344 GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 



No. of JTo. of 



strata. Material. Thickness. Depth. Sample. 



52. Sand-rock 61 



53. " 15 613 2-'2 



54. Kedshale 12 625 2-63 



Total deptb 625 



In all the wells bored, a similar succession of strata has been pierced. 

 The chocolate,, the Erie, and the Huron shales were struck in all wells 

 carried deep enough. The rocks included between these and the Coal 

 Measures present alternations of sand-rock, argillaceous and sandy shalew, 

 which, after passing the olive shales that cap the Waverly, present a 

 great variety in the different weMs, and forbid all minute systematic 

 subdivision. The most marked and most general alternations are exhib- 

 in the general section of the rocks of the county. 



In nearly all the wells bored, gas, oil, and brine have been found in 

 greater or less quantities, and from two of them a remarkably strong flow 

 of gas has issued, which, properly utilized, can be made of great value. 



The employment of natural gas elsewhere in the manufacture of iron 

 would indicate the proper use to be made of it were it not that the wells 

 are situated several miles from any railroad or other adequate means of 

 transportation. •. 



The Neff Petroleum Company, which, under the management of Peter 

 Nefl, of Gambler, made the explorations for oil, has been recently reor- 

 ganized under the name of " The Kokosing Oil Company," and has at- 

 tempted to utilize the gas in a novel manner, which gives promise of 

 complete success. It has expended about $25,000 in erecting build- 

 ings and appliances for the manufacture of carbon-black, and is now ob- 

 taining a product not excelled in quality by any thing in the market, 

 except bone or ivory-black, and has demonstrated that the well has a 

 capacity of producing about five hundred pounds per day of No. 1 black, 

 which is said to command, at wholesale, eighty cents per pound. This 

 company has also devised a mode of utilizing the acid-waste of oil refin- 

 eries, as it makes a very excellent carbon- black from that of ordinary 

 quality, by using with the acid-waste a small amount of the natural gas. 

 With eighteen hundred burners, for the consumption of the natural gas, 

 it produces from forty to fifty pounds of the " Diamond," or No. 1 black, 

 per day, and with twenty-eight burners, for the consumption of the acid- 

 waste, one hundred to one hundred and fifty pounds per day of the 

 "Pearl," or No. 2 black. The fact that the gas has flowed from the well 

 without diminution for ten years gives good promise of its permanency; 

 and the indications now are that by this use of the gas a good return 



