LICKING COUNTY. 355 



observed, probably the horizon of Coal No. 7. If so, we have all of the 

 lower Coal Measure rocks represented in this county, but with a conapara- 

 tively small amount of workable coal. 



Directly below the fii'e-clay of the flint is a bed of sandstone and sandy 

 shales — the sandstone in places massive — but I noticed no places where 

 it was quarried for use. Its thickness to the occasional faint outcrop of 

 coal observed below it, ranges from twenty to twenty-five feet. There 

 was nothing observed to indicate any valuable coal at the base of this 

 sandstone. , 



Below, for a distance of about seventy-five feet, the surfaces of the 

 hills indicate substantially homogeneous material, and the outcrops ob- 

 served were sandstone and sandy shales. Considerable iron ore was seen 

 in the shales, but no places were found where explorations had been 

 made to determine its quality. Much of the sandstone is evidently well 

 fitted for building stone. 



Directly below this is a heavy bed of limestone reaching in places a 

 thickness of fourteen feet, the upper part apparently suitable for water- 

 lime, and the lower for quick-lime ; but it is by no means persistent in 

 this horizon. In places a black, calcareous shale takes its place, and in 

 others shale, with little, if any, calcareous matter. This limestone con- 

 tains an abundance of the ordinary limestone fossils of the Coal Meas- 

 ures. An outcrop on the top of a hill above Dr. Wilson's old opening, in 

 Madison township, shows a great profusion of that very pretty shell, 

 Chonetes mesoloba. 



The coal below this limestone is the most valuable mineral deposit in 

 the county. 



On Wm. M. Beak's land, lot No. 1, Military section, Hopewell town- 

 ship, this coal seam has the following structure : 



FEET. 



1. Coal 1 



2. Shale i to 1 



3. Coal 4i 



The coal is here all bituminous, and, apparently, of fair quality. The 

 owner regards this coal as above the cannel, and believes that the latter 

 would be found on his land at a lower level ; but the interval between 

 this coal and the chert or Flint Ridge, leaves no question as to its iden- 

 tity. As, in other counties so here, the cannel coal is not continuous, and 

 probably marks the deeper water in the old coal marsh, gradually silted 

 up with the finely comminuted carbonaceous matter from the vegetation 

 f the higher parts of the swamp, where ordinary bituminous coal was 

 formed, one variety shading off into or replacing the other. 



